Is the term "Shiite" found in the hadith? Part 1
We are continuing to refute the allegations in the book 'Peshawar Nights'
In our last refutation, we looked at the matter of combining salat, where...
we focused on the hadith narrated by Ibn Abbas r.anhu found in our sources and regarding this hadith...
we explained how this hadith was explained and interpreted away in various ways
and isn't a hadith utilized and put into action. The soundness of a hadith...
This is a general principle, the soundness of a hadith...
doesn't necessitate it to be utilized and put into practice
For example, the hadith could be sahih (sound), but mansukh (abrogated)
Or it could've been interpreted away and given a different meaning than the literal
By looking at various examples within Shiite sources, we also showed how these matters also exist within Imamiyyah (Twelver Shiite's) sources
For those who are muqeem, every salat must be completed individually within its period
Verses from the Quran, narrations related to this matter, the practice of Rasulullah s.a.w. and hadith which explain this
have provided the basis for Ahlus Sunnah scholars to adopt praying each salat individually within its period as a principle
The practice of the ummah, generation after generation has come down to us in this manner
In any case, the Shiite author
although he states "there are many narrations regarding this matter in your sources" was only able to bring forth the narration by Ibn Abbas r.anhu and wasn't able to bring any other narrations
regarding this we said, if this was the case, then this would have been narrated to us by Ali r.anhu, however...
there isn't a sound narration coming from him
Here, from time to time, by comparing the translated version with the Arabic original
I will expose the changes that has taken place with the text. One of these is...
the author's following argument
pg.44 in the translated edition: "authors of Sahih hadith books like Muslim, Nasai and Ahmad ibn Hanbal
commentators on Sahih Bukhari, Sahih Muslim and the evidences of other renowned Sunni scholars suffice to prove our point
Secondly, 'Mr Bukhari' (what sort of a translation is this?)
just as the previously mentioned scholars, has also narrated the same hadith in his own Sahih collection
however, instead of relating the hadith which is supposed to be under the chapter al Jam Bayna Salat (combining salat), he cunningly relates it under another chapter"
Imam Bukhari has interpreted away (ta'weel) this hadith similar to the Hanafi's, hence, created a chapter corresponding to his interpretation and related it under that chapter
in other words, Imam Bukhari is not obligated to understand this hadith the way you have understood it
for example, you would rather have him create the chapter al Jam Bayna Salat and relate it there. You understand the hadith one way and he understands it another way
He creates a chapter corresponding to his understanding of the hadith and relates it under that chapter. This has nothing to do with being cunning etc...
"another point regarding this matter involves the inaccurate interpretations that go against the literal meaning of the hadith's by the Ahlus Sunnah jurists, either due to their narrow mindedness or another reason I can't grasp, that has reduced the relevance and importance of these trustworthy hadith's"
No, the Ahlus Sunnah jurists are not narrow minded, their understanding is also not deficient
the truth is, you are deceptively trying to lure us into your understanding of the matter
unlike you, at least they don't conceal narrations, but rather, with full confidence they relate it to show everyone there are narrations like this as well
To utilize and put or not put a narration into practice is one thing
concealing a narration is another thing. We will frequently face these types of allegations as we progress.
Consequently this...
in conformity with the ulterior motive of the book, by scattering various gibes and incisive comments
the reader is being cajoled into a particular frame of mind which we will clearly see in the upcoming matters of discussion
After the discussion on the matter of combining salat
There is a detailed historical account regarding the Shia belief and its spread into the Iraq and Iran region. We are skipping this
There is something here regarding the matter of Ali's r.anhu burial site and how it was found. Let's briefly touch on this
Where is Ali's r.anhu burial site? This is a contentious matter.
The author explains this matter as follows:
"Because of this"....on page 58...
"Because of this, he (Ali) was buried during the night without a grave mark in accordance with his will"
"His burial site remained a secret until the Abbasid khalifa Haruan al-Rashid came to power"
"One day, he went out hunting and came to a place in the Najaf desert where reeds and gazelles were found. With his greyhounds and panthers, they pursued the wild animals"
"The wild animals sought refuge on a hilltop"
"But the greyhounds and panthers were unable to reach the hilltop" it's describing the peak of a hill
The wild animals flee to the hilltop but the greyhounds and panthers are unable to get up there
"This event repeated itself a few times where the greyhounds and panthers would retreat and the gazelle's would come down"
"When the khalifa noticed the greyhounds refused to go up to the hilltop, he knew that there must be a secret up there and instructed his servants to find and bring an old man from among the local people inhabiting the area"
"After finding and bringing an old man, the khalifa asked him:"
"The greyhounds are unable to get up to the hilltop when chasing the gazelles. What secret is at that hilltop?"
The old man replied "I know the secret but if I disclose it, I fear for my safety"
"Once the khalifa assured the man of his safety, the old man said the following: "I came here with my father and my father visited the hilltop and prayed salat there
"I asked my father what's there? He replied "I visited this place with Imam Jafar
"Imam Jafar stated that this is the grave site of our ancestor Ali ibn Abu Talib. Soon it will be widely known"
"The khalifa ordered for that place to be dug up and they eventually reached a grave and discovered a stone tablet with Aramaic writing"
"Once they translated the stone tablets the following was revealed:"
"This is the grave dug up by Noah p.b.u.h 700 years ago for Muhammad's s.a.w. successor Ali"
Yes, within Shiite sources, there exists narrations like this regarding the discovery of Ali's grave site. What's interesting for us however is
this grave site being dug up by Noah p.b.u.h
and the writing
not being written in Arabic nor Persian but rather Aramaic
Between Noah's flood and Musa, Isa and Rasulullah (peace be upon all of them) how much time has passed?
What we know with certainty is in 622 A.D, Muhammad s.a.w. was sent as a messenger which means there is 622 years between Isa (p.b.u.h) and Rasulullah s.a.w.
Between Musa (p.b.u.h) and Isa (p.b.u.h) there is approximately 400 years between them according to various scholars bringing the total to 1,000 years
When you add the generations between Musa (p.b.u.h) and Ibrahim (p.b.u.h)
In relation to how Musa's lineage traces back to Ibrahim's (p.b.u.t), there are disagreements about this
however, what we can say with certainty is that
the generations between Musa (p.b.u.h) and Ibrahim (p.b.u.h) and the lifespan of those generations clearly show at least 8-10 generations between them
Consquently, the one who inscribed 700 years here
is it because he made an error or didn't how to calculate, why was this number inscribed here? It's quite interesting
Furthermore, it's also interesting the inscription was in Aramaic
Which tribe living there spoke in Aramaic?
From Noah p.b.u.h. digging the grave 700 years ago for Ali, to inscribing a stone table in Aramaic and to the formation of a hill above the grave which preserved it, the whole event is bizarre whichever way you look at it
The second session of the debate
When the second session of the debate starts, the book tells us
the group of Ahlus Sunnah scholars who went to debate with the Shiite scholar
acknowledged their inferiority and were considerably won over
Hafiz, who was the one who spoke on behalf of the Ahlus Sunnah contingent begins the second session as follows:
"Kiblah Sahib, without being sycophantic, we truly left last night's debate with great memories"
"After we left your presence, we spoke about you all the way home"
"Truly, your charm is so strong, we were allured by your character"
"People with good character such as yours is rarely found"
"I bear witness that you truly are the 'son' of Rasulullah s.a.w."
"When I went to the library this morning, I took out a few volumes of genealogy and history books"
Hafiz took these out to read about how the Shia madhhap spread to Iran
Based on these books he asks the following question:
"How is it so, that someone like you who is blessed with a honored lineage and possesses great characteristic traits, be seduced into the farcical traditions of the past and deviate from the path of your great ancestors?"
"thinking about how you accepted the political traditions of the Persian Zoroastrians is quite upsetting"
in response, the author says:
"Your kindness, high opinion of me and good graces has made me very happy, thank you. Words cannot express my delight"
"Regarding your question, I didn't quite comprehend what you asked. Could you please clarify it for me?"
Hafiz says "when I said the farcical traditions of the past, I meant the innovated (bid'ah) beliefs and creeds which have been inserted by the Jews into the monotheist Islamic religion"
the author responds by asking what specifically are they and to explain them
Hafiz who is speaking on behalf of the Ahlus Sunnah group says:
"history bears witness that after every great messenger, their enemies have meddled with holy books such as the Torah, Bible and other holy books thereby weakening and bringing disrepute to their religion"
"but because the book of Islam (Quran) has been preserved depriving them of the means to tamper with it"
"a group of Jews consisting of Abdullah ibn Saba as- San'aani, Kab al-Ahbar and Wahb ibn Munnabih who have always been deceivers decided to spread poisonous propaganda by pretending to convert to Islam while concealing their true identity"
Later, various incidents regarding these three people are presented such as...
Uthman r.anhu initiating a...
policy to have them watched and spied on
Hafiz then outlines how they feared the chastisement of the khalifa and fled to Egypt where they created the Shia madhhap
Hafiz goes on to say: "They fabricated hadiths alleging Rasulullah s.a.w. appointed Ali r.anhu as his successor after him" and created the Shia faction based on these fabrications
Because of these reasons a lot of blood was spilled
a faction of them (Shiite's) looked for ways to present Ali as the khalifa instead of Uthman and even wrote books describing him as the greatest companion etc
Hafiz concludes by saying: "In short, Shia is a political madhhap which came about via the efforts of the Jew Abdullah ibn Saba"
"Before then, the term Shia didn't exist in Islam"
"your ancestor Rasulullah s.a.w. most definitely despised this term"
"therefore, where did you get this term Shia from? Where did it come from?"
By saying this
Hafiz is 'passing the ball to the author so that he can score a goal' against the Sunni's
The author responds as follows: "Firstly, you have confused two separate issues with each other"
"If the Jew, hypocrite and accursed Abdullah ibn Saba who has been listed within the Shiite hadith corpus as an impostor and hypocrite"
"went around a few days introducing himself as a supporter of Ali, what has he got to do with the Imamiyyah Shiite's (Twelver's)?"
'If a wolf disguises itself as sheep or a charlatan dresses up as a scholar and causes chaos and division among the Muslims, are we supposed to look at all scholars in the same manner?"
the author continues: "Unfortunately you have fallen into great error because the Shia are not a faction or party but a rightful maddhap (school of thought)"
"The Shia did not emerge during khalifa Uthman's r.anhu reign"
"It existed during Rasulullah's s.a.w. time, and spread with his principles and commands"
There is a matter here which grabs our attention brothers. In our Rihla monthly journal
in the issue titled 'Ahlu Bayt and Rafidah'. We mentioned how...
almost all Shiite's today deny the existence of Abdullah ibn Saba
that he's a product of the figment of imagination
that he's a fantasy charater concocted by the Muslim Ahlus Sunnah historians and...
various historical developments based around this fictitious character has been presented as historical fact
In particular, Murtada Askari's has a 2 volume book titled 'Abdullah Ibn Saba' wa asatir ukhra regarding this matter
this book details that Abdullah ibn Saba is not mentioned within the main Imamiyyah Shiite hadith corpus
but rather is mentioned in tabaqat and books on the history of sects
which consequently don't bind the Imamiyyah's (Twelver Shiite's) because they are not trustworthy narrations
When we look at the author here, he accepts the existence of Abdullah ibn Saba but attempts to show there is no connection between him and the Shia
he argues the Shia is not a sect created by Abdullah ibn Saba, nor did he play any role in its development
but rather, it is the rightful path and madhhap which has existed and developed since the time of Rasulullah s.a.w.
We see a contradiction here between
Murtada Askari and almost all Shiite's today who agree with him
and the author's view regarding this matter.
The first to argue that Abdullah ibn Saba never existed were various Western Orientalist scholars
These particular scholars preferred explaining the development of the Shiite's and their creed via socio-cultural and historical factors thereby denying the existence of this man
Various other Orientalist scholars have disagreed with them affirming the existence of Abdullah ibn Saba which shows there are disagreements between Orientalist scholars regarding this matter
Our own investigations into this matter has revealed that this man did exist
Abdullah ibn Saba is mentioned in major Shiite sources including their four main hadith books know as al-Kutub al-Arbaʿah which Murtada Askari denies.
Consequently, the existence of this man is affirmed
When it comes to the connection between the Shia creed and Abdullah ibn Saba
Various works regarding this matter clearly shows this to be the case which was mentioned in that issue of our monthly journal
Within all the branches of the Shia, there exists the belief of Occultation (ghayba) 'he will return one day'
In other words
Ali didn't die, he will return
Rasulullah didn't die, he will return
After Ali passed away, this belief was attributed to all their imams. Every Shiite sect contains detailed literature regarding this belief
This belief has been attributed to Imam Jafar, his son Mūsá ibn Ja'far al-Kāzim, Ali and other imams. They didn't die but rather went into ghayba (disappeared) and will return.
This creed was first put forth by Abdullah ibn Saba
After Ali passed away, he claimed that Ali didn't die but is in the clouds
When it thunders it's because Ali is angry, being angered etc...
This belief was brought forth by him
Consequently, this belief at various times within various Shiite sects in one form or another has always been kept alive and continued till today
There is another argument of the author here
"The Shia is not a faction. Rather, it's a rightful and legitimate madhhap which didn't come into existence during khalifa Uthman's reign. It came into existence during Rasulullah's time and developed from his principles and commands"
"if you"
"bring the lies and aspersions of the KHAWARIJ and NASIBA'S as evidence for your claims" (these are the enemies of Ali and this term is generally used in Shiite sources to describe the Ahlus Sunnah)
"Then in order to separate the truth from falsehood, we will bring forth verses from the Quran and hadith from your trustworthy sources as evidence against your claims"
"I also want to remind you to be watchful at all times with your words and actions so that you're not embarrassed once the truth comes out"
We will redirect the same statement back to the author
and to those who are propagating his allegations by saying, if you haven't lost the ability to feel embarrassment
Once the truth comes out
if you have the capacity, foresight and wisdom to revert to the truth
then when you are making your claims and allegations towards us, be more cautious and watchful (of your words and deeds)
continuing on
at this juncture, the author goes into the etymology of the word Shia and says it means 'follower' and is used to denote the 'followers of Ali' and those who love the Ahlu Bayt
and then
he starts bringing forth his evidences to show that the Shia is not a madhhap which came into existence at a later stage
he begins by relating
the following verses from the Quran which state "he doesn't speak from his own desires, what he speaks is nothing other than divinely revealed inspiration"
the author then says Rasulullah s.a.w. didn't speak from his own whims and desires and everything he spoke was divine inspiration so what I'm about to narrate from him is also divine inspiration so listen accordingly
"and so, a messenger like this (who doesn't speak from his whims and desires) designated the followers of Ali as the Shia and Naji which means those who have been saved"
Hafiz responds by saying:
"we have never come across anything like this. Where is it found?"
The author responds as follows:
"You haven't come across it, or you didn't want to see it or you have seen it but deem it inappropriate to be revealed"
or you are concerned about the reaction of your followers and students
These statements are harsher in the original Arabic version of the book
they have been toned down in the translated version. In the original it says:
"are you certain you're unable to find this hadith and similar hadith in your sources?"
"or are you instead disinclined to accept them" meaning even though you see them in your books are you disinclined to accept them
"closing your eyes and pretending you didn't see them"
"and not accepting anything other than deliberately rejecting and concealing these hadith"
Is it like this or like that? Are you truly unable to find these hadith?
or are you deliberately concealing the truth, pretending you didn't see it, or rejecting it, which is it? We will see now
"We however, have seen them and deem it inappropriate to conceal the truth from our religion" meaning even if you're not seeing these truths we have seen them in your sources and consider concealing them unfitting for our way of life
After stating two verses from the Quran relating to those who conceal the truth
Hafiz responds as follows: "The verses from the Quran are the truth and without a doubt, whoever conceals the truth will be the subject of those verses but until now, we have not concealed any truths"
"after affirming every truth, if we ignore and conceal any of them, there is no doubt we will be subjected to the rulings of those verses"
The author then responds as follows:
"Now, with the grace and blessings of Allah and favor and assistance from Rasulullah s.a.w., the truth which is brighter than the sun will be brought out into the open from under the veil"
"and revealed to my brothers present here and the Ahlus Sunnah"
Later, he starts bringing forth his evidences as follows: "Abu Na'imi al-Isfahani" this is supposed to be Abu Nu'aym. Throughout the translation it's incorrectly spelt Abu Na'imi
"Ahmad ibn `Abd Allāh (Abu Nu'aym al-Isfahani) who is one of your greatest scholars". The author then quotes laudatory comments made by other Ahlus Sunnah scholars regarding Abu Nu'aym
and continues as follows: "in brief, the scholar, hafidh and expert on hadith which your Ahlus Sunnah scholars exalt has narrated the following from Ibn Abbas in his book Hilyat al-awliya"
when the seventh verse of the chapter Al-Bayyinah "those who believe and do good deeds
they are the best of creatures"
till the end....
was revealed, Rasulullah s.a.w. said the following to Ali ibn Abu Talib
Oh Ali. The meaning of "they are the best of the creatures" refers to you and your followers
On the day of judgement, Allah will be pleased with you and your followers when you're all brought forth, and you and your followers will be pleased with Allah
so it appears that in Abu Nu'aym's narration, Rasulullah s.a.w. didn't solely assign the verse "they are the best creatures" to Ali, but included his followers as well
brothers, I searched the index and various parts in Hilyat al-awliya where I thought I'd be able to find this narration
I checked the index to locate where this verse is mentioned in the book and couldn't find this narration
However, I found the following narration
7th volume page 247 in Hilyat al-awliya. The narration has come via Anas bin Malik r.anhu
It says: a man addressed Rasulullah s.a.w as 'oh the greatest of all creatures'
Rasulullah responded as follows: "I'm not the greatest of all creatures, my father Ibrahim is"
This is a narration found in Abu Nu'aym's Hilyat al-awliya
if in fact I couldn't find the narration the Shiite author mentioned
if Rasulullah s.a.w. did in fact assign the verse "the greatest of all creatures" to Ali and his followers
and if every narration that Abu Nu'aym has related is trustworthy
then there is a serious contradiction and clash between these two narrations
according to this narration, Rasulullah s.a.w. doesn't accept the designation in the verse for himself and says it is actually assigned for his father Ibrahim
So Rasulullah s.a.w. is going to reject this attribute for himself, and instead assign it to Ali and his followers? There is a serious problem here.
Secondly
Abu Nu'aym himself is a great hafidh
his book (Hilyat al-awliya)
is a well-known and widely regarded book but what we know for certain is
Abu Nu'aym's book Hilyat al-awliya contains a significant number of weak, rejected and as a matter of fact fabricated hadith
Just because the author quotes laudatory and praiseworthy comments from other Ahlus Sunnah scholars regarding Abu Nu'aym
it doesn't suffice as poof that all the narrations found in his Hilyat al-awliya are trustworthy
that's one thing, this is another thing
Therefore, the author here should have done the following
First off, he should have provided the volume and page number of where in Hilyat al-awliya the alleged narration can be found, because the book Peshawar Nights has gone through a number of print runs and scrutinized many times by the author
it has also been translated, but for some unknown reason, there is no reference in the original
is there a reference in the translated edition?
No, there is no reference in the translated edition as well
so where in Hilyat al-awliya is this narration found? It is unknown
Consequently we are unable to say anything regarding the narration as we don't know where in Hilyat al-awliya it is
who narrated it, who are the transmitters in the chain of the narration?
we could at least find out about these details and discuss the chain of transmitters but because we don't have these, we are keeping quiet regarding this narration
Until this narration is found in Hilyat al-awliya, we are not accepting this narration and keeping quiet
unless someone comes forth and provides evidence showing us where in Hilyat al-awliya the narration is
then we will be able to investigate the narration, look at its chain of narrators
which will enable us to discuss the soundness of the narration
when we started our refutation of Peshawar Nights
in our introduction we mentioned we will face these types of situations
and right here we have come across it in an interesting way where the name of a Sunni source is given
But when we go and look for it, we are unable to locate the narration there
This truly grabs our attention as an unusual method of compiling a book
Yes we have reached the end of today's lesson. I thank you all for listening with patience. May Allah be pleased with each and everyone of you. May the peace and blessings be upon Muhammad, his family and companions. All praise is for Allah alone
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