Hi, this is Kate from MinuteEarth. A lot of people use the phrase "As American as Apple
Pie" to mean "really, really American." But... the apples in apple pie were domesticated
in Kazakhstan, and pollinated by bees native to Europe, the flour and butter came from
wheat and cows domesticated in the Middle East, the egg came from the chicken which
came first...from the jungles of Asia, where the lemon also originated, the cinnamon came
from China, the nutmeg was domesticated in New Guinea, and so was the sugar, unless it
was from sugarbeets, which are from Poland. In fact, none of the ingredients in apple
pie are originally from the US.
And you might not be surprised to hear that the ingredients for Italian pizza didn't
originate in Italy, either. And Asia's spicy dishes, from India's curries all the way
to Korea's kimchis, owe their heat to chillies domesticated in Central America… which got
the rice for its rice and beans from Asia.
In fact, on average, over two thirds of the calories consumed in each of the world's
countries come from crops or animals domesticated far away. Take a look at this chart showing
how every single region of the world depends on food domesticated in other regions.
Our interconnectedness is kind of overwhelming… and it exists because over time, colonialism,
trade, and other forces of globalization have led the entire world to become more and more
dependent on a particular, small set of plants and animals.
But ⅔ is just an average. Countries vary widely in how much of their food originated
elsewhere, and it pretty much boils down to whether they happen to be located in one of
the places most of these globally-important plants and animals were domesticated - typically
warm, biodiverse regions where humans have lived for a long time. Southeast Asia, for
example, is home to important foods like rice, sugar, coconuts, and bananas, so countries
like Cambodia and Thailand get only a quarter of their calories from foods domesticated
elsewhere. Meanwhile, Southern Africa and Northern America are each home to almost no
globally significant foods, so Zambia & South Africa and Canada & the US all get over 90%
of their calories from foods with foreign ancestries. Of course, those countries do
grow their own food - it just originated elsewhere.
But all this movement of ingredients doesn't mean that kimchi isn't Korean, or pizza
isn't Italian. I mean, we humans also originated in one place before spreading around the world.
Yet today, most of us identify ourselves, and the dishes we eat, with the places we've
ended up. We say we're Italian, or Indian, or American... as American, perhaps, as apple
pie.
Hey! Don't go anywhere! We have lots of exciting news! For all you fans of food out there,
we've made a giant, gorgeous poster that shows where the world's most important crops
and farm animals come from. You can buy it right now at our store: DFTBA.com/MinuteEarth.
And we've also got new t-shirts inspired by recent episodes: this one shows off your
dino know-how. And this one is a clowder of cats. Also, you can join us on Reddit AskScience
right now to ask all your food origin questions - we're joined by a world expert on the
subject and a fantastic food journalist. The link to both the Reddit forum and our DFTBA
store are in the description.
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