These are typical scenes in the home port of vessels serving offshore
installations one of the jobs these vessels are used for is laying anchors
to secure an offshore installation in position
anchor handling is a complex and exacting task to achieve success
thorough preparation is required and a clear understanding of what the work
entails
but no matter how complex or urgent the job it has to wait for suitable weather
thorough preparation work onboard the vessel should start as soon as the
advance copy of the rig movement procedures from the charterers arrives
on board to notify the vessel of the operation details
in addition to their scheduled maintenance program engineers must make
sure that the main engines generators winches and hydraulic systems are in top
working condition
the vessel must be very maneuverable for any anchor handling job to be done
safely and the winches and hydraulics that power the pins and jaws must
function reliably
Dex should be made free of obstructions
ideally the Marine representative of the charterer
and the master of the vessel should meet face to face before the vessel sets off
for the rig to ensure that each detail of the job is discussed thoroughly even
though an advance copy has been sent to the vessel
this meeting starts a vital chain of communication between the marine rep the
master and other members of the team on board the vessel invariably there are
last-minute changes to requirements this is the safest way to bring everybody up
to date just one thing Mike will have to risk assessment for securing the wire
back to the rig is there any procedures for that's okay they go through the
details of the plan together making sure that they understand the operation and
are aware of each other's problem areas
to be safe these men must be of the same mind about the job in Hammond knowing
what the job involves the master can ensure that the vessel has all the right
equipment on board and sufficient wire and chain available to do the job
the meeting may identify additional equipment requirements which can be
acted upon before the vessel leaves port extra wires links a grapple for example
to help recover a lost or partied pennant
it is time to head out to sea
everyone on board is now confident that they will arrive at the rig ready to do
the job safely and efficiently weather and currents permitting they have
prepared well and everyone is fully aware of their role in the team
the primary concern of the master about weather is not focused on rain or fog
provided these do not impair visibility beyond safe limits his task is more
influenced by the strength of wind and currents and the resulting wave heights
and general sea state seafarers working on an anchor handling vessel or a HV for
the first time quickly realize that it's a very different experience from that on
board a large ocean-going vessel due to its more instant reaction to sea
conditions
during the voyage to the rig the master discusses the latest information with
his fellow officers we've already got some changes to the procedures but it's
faith as you know these moving from drill Center 1 to drill Center - it's
about 5 kilometer move the procedures indicate that the the lift of the
anchors will take about 24 hours know to anchor handling jobs are the same the
hazards are similar but the moves to deal with them vary from case to case
for example the presence of piggyback anchors provides additional risks while
pipelines and other subsea structures may make the positioning of the vessel
more exacting a piggyback anchor is a second anchor deployed behind the main
anchor to provide additional secure hold in the seabed some of the most efficient
anchors in use today include the Steph pre 15 tonne the Bruce twin shanks and
the Danforth 15 tonne number 6 chain is the one to be changed out so we're just
as normal Pierce out to the anchors mikus prepared the normal risk
assessments as normal if you've been in gas you can do the normal toolbox talks
with the guys as yes just starting one of the things a risk assessment process
begins concentrating on the safety aspects of the operations before this
process includes every member of the team who will be involved in the job the
rigs going to be moving so that could be quite a movement done
control measures for that clear signals don't drop the pencil
there wears off the crayon
and sure the correct lead a straight lead as possible watch out for bites
Sunday in the wire so far everything is going according to plan
arriving at the rig the master has obtained permission to enter the 500
meter zone at this stage they make a final weather check to try to ensure
that conditions will not become so bad that the operation will be unsafe they
should agree to postpone the operation if the forecast is unfavorable the
Marine wrap on the rig and the master on the vessel agree on whether
contingencies just in case they also agree on initial procedure
this job begins early in the morning and the rig is blanketed in fog
but as visibility is sufficient to carry out the job safely it is agreed that
they should start the process
anchored lifting normally involves the use of a chaser
the task is to position the chaser onto the anchor and release the anchor from
the seabed
first the vessel is brought very close to the rig and the master must consider
the risk factors of wind force and current strength the crane lowers the
pennant and the crew recover it and place it in the hydraulic jaws
so suddenly they control the work wire is secured to the pennant
and is then ready for towing the chaser onto the anchor these links and shackles
are very heavy and moving them represents a hazard safety must come
before haste
the critical safety issue is that no crew member should be on deck when the
work wire is under tension the process of lifting the anchor begins the master
agrees with the marine rep that this can now be done he begins to move the vessel
away from the rig
phase one of the operation is to tow the chaser along the anchor chain right up
to the anchor
the master navigates the vessel along the anchor chain and the chief engineer
or another officer controls the winch the tension rises in the work wire when
the chaser reaches the anchor at this point the vessel tends to vibrate more
as a result as the vessel increases power the anchor
is eventually released from under the seabed the officer in charge of the
winches may also monitor this process by the use of instruments if available
displaying the tension in the wires and the winch load once the anchor is out of
the seabed the added vibration stops and the
instruments clearly indicate the drop in winch load
now the actual lifting phase begins from now on both anchor chain and chaser wire
must be tensioned in coordination to achieve the required lift on the bridge
the vessel and rig exchange information as they coordinates their moves to
tension the wires
the master positions the vessel as required
the rigged tensions the mooring chain while the vessel keeps the chaser wire
at the required tension and recovers it this is done by slowly moving towards
the rig and at the same time winding in the work wire
right okay what will disappear and it will grow ahsoka stop there because a
compactor
normally the anchor is delivered to the rig for placing onto the rack
the vessel holds the anchor just below the water and the rig takes up the
anchor chain the vessel releases the pennant and the winch driver on the rig
pulls the anchor into position on the rack this is the second time the vessel
has to be positioned very close to the rig with all the risks this creates
overcoming wind and current is even more important now
on occasions the anchor must be brought up on deck for inspection for
modification to suit a different soil type at its new destination for
separating it from its piggyback anchor or for replacing it altogether a toolbox
meeting on deck communicates the critical safety issues of the tasks
ahead and identifies new ones including the personal protective
equipment requirements the décadas anchor
number 7 I brought the risk assessment down to show here we've gone through the
the main hazards identified adverse weather moving objects sharks your
operations what'll happen is we'll bring the anchor on deck
the doors will be locked from the bridge and then I'll visually check the red
lines and then I shall turn it down and then that's mechanically locked so
they can't release it in any way that stops them accidentally activate the
doors there the process of lifting the anchor off the seabed is the same up to
the point when the anchor is hanging off just below the rollers
first the vessel is brought very close to the rig near the rollers crewmembers
must be cautious when handling crane hooks the crane lowers the pennant and
the crew recover it and place it in the hydraulic jaws
the work wire is secured to the payment and is then ready for towing the chaser
onto the anchor the crew must withdraw to a safe area as there is a high risk
of wires parting or other dangerous situations occurring during this
maneuver the job of lifting the anchor begins
to position the anchor on deck it must be lifted in the right way to prevent it
from damaging the propellers the hull or itself the master attempts to pull the
anchor on board
the chaser lands correctly
but the anchor is not oriented the right way
it is lowered back into the water and the vessel moved so that the wash can
get rid of some of the mud which appears to be preventing it from turning the
right way for decking the master discusses the situation with the marine
okay they decide to have another go
right that you can place death
on the second attempt although still not quite right
the master decides it can be decked safely without damage
once the anchor is resting on deck the tension in the wires can be reduced and
the anchor can then be positioned for inspection or for safe transportation
number seven winch me there
okay that's the anchor I'm on deck it hasn't come up the right where it's Sun
it's one of these flukes and one of the wings but loads of a pretty law when it
came up this everything's alright this here the anchor chain is disconnected in
the jaws and the anchor is moved with the use of tagger winches
handling very heavy fittings and the use of a number of tugga wires represent
additional risks for the crew
so far we have seen anchor handling being carried out by one vessel in very
deep waters another vessel is sometimes employed to assist with the far greater
weights of chain involved in deep waters a thousand meters or more to other
operations add complexity to the task extension wires and chains may need to
be added to create the required length of lines usually in the region of one
and a half times the depth of water then the extra weight of the chains must be
supported by one vessel while the other lifts the anchor the same method may be
used to control the chain near pipelines and other structures this lifting
requires a three-way communication channel each master and the marine rap
must synchronize every move involved
progress is slower and requires greater concentration on the part of everyone
several chain lengths may be involved in the recovery and taking a chain out of
service and changing over to another winch is a very hazardous operation the
chains are under considerable tension which must be released before separation
if wires are involved these may twist as the tension is
released and any shackles or other fittings can spin violently in the
process to reduce such a risk swivels are fitted inline to release the twist
in the wires on deck personnel must be kept well away
from the hydraulic jaws until the tension is completely released
when the rig arrives at its destination the anchors will be placed at their new
location at the start of this process the vessel is maneuvered close to the
rig to collect the chaser wire and the anchor the prevailing winds and currents
will move the vessel and the Masters attention will be centred on controlling
her against these forces this operation should only be done in the most
favorable weather conditions
if the anchor was decked before it is now reconnected to the anchor chain and
lowered into the water
once the anchor is hung off the vessel heads for the agreed location
the rig pays out the anchor chain until the vessel is in position the line is
tensioned and the rig instructs the vessel to blower the anchor the anchor
is lowered with the chaser wire once the anchor lands on the seabed the vessel
continues to pay out the wire to one and a half times the water depth the rig
then starts to tension the anchor chain to ensure that the anchor is fully
embedded to finish the job the vessel returns the chaser and it's pennant to
the rig before heading for her home port
with operations successfully completed the deep concentration required from all
concerned can be relaxed the guiding principles for success have been clearly
demonstrated thorough preparation of the vessel and all the equipment needed
waiting for the right weather conditions before operations begin understanding
every detail involved ensuring clear communication at every stage and
maintaining continuous risk assessment throughout if these principles are
followed then anchor handling will be safe and successful
for further information please study the booklet supplied with this video
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