Youtube News: Youtube daily report w Dec 7 2018

Armed with a cannon, missiles, and machine guns, tanks are the ultimate weapon and dominate

the battlefield.

They remove man from the limitations of his frail flesh and wrap him in several inches

of solid steel and high-tech ceramics, turning him into a modern Roman god of war, dispensing

death and destruction to his enemies.

Hello, and welcome to another episode of The Infographics Show- today we're taking a look

at 50 incredible facts about tanks.

50.

Tanks first saw duty in September 1916 during World War I at the Battle of the Somme.

Envisioned as a way of breaking the gridlock of trench warfare, most of these primitive

tanks quickly broke down and their ultimate effect on the enemy was more psychological

than kinetic.

49.

Tanks got their name from the British- during their development the Brits took to calling

the massive machines 'tanks' to make any German spies think that they were building massive

water tanks to provide water to troops.

48.

The very first tank, the Mark 1, weighed 26 tons and was armed with 57mm guns.

It had a top speed of 3.7 mph (6 kmh).

47.

A modern American Abrams M1A2 tank by comparison weighs 68.7 tons, is armed with a 120mm cannon,

and has a top speed of 41.5 mph (66.8 kmh).

46.

Tanks were categorized by gender depending on their armament during WWI.

Male tanks had cannons and female tanks had machine guns.

45.

Despite their terrifying presence on a battlefield, early tanks were not particularly effective.

By the end of the fourth day of the battle of Amiens in 1918, the British Tank Corps

which had consisted of over 500 tanks was left with only 6.

44.

Britain and France manufactured a total of 6,506 tanks during WWI- while Germany built

only 20 between 1916 and 1918.

43.

The smallest tank ever made was the French Renault UE Chenillette, just under nine feet

(2.7 meters) long and four feet (1.2 meters) tall.

42.

The largest tank battle in history was the Battle of Kursk in July, 1943.

An estimated 23,000 tanks and over four million men took part, and at the end of the battle

the Germans lost 350 tanks versus 800 by the Russians.

41.

The world's most expensive tank is the French army's AMX-56 Leclerc, with an estimated cost

of 12.5 million dollars.

40.

With over 22,000 tanks of varying degrees of modernity, Russia commands the largest

battle tank force in the world.

39.

The United States, with 9,000 tanks is second to Russia in tank numbers.

38.

The Russian military routinely hosts a 'tank biathlon' that tests crew's ability to provide

accurate and rapid fire under a variety of terrain conditions, as well as tests the ruggedness

and durability of the vehicles themselves.

37.

In 2015 seventeen nations were invited to take part in Russia's tank biathlon, including

Angola, Kuwait, Nicaragua, China, India, Kuwait, and Venezuela.

Russia won all 13 categories of the tournament and all nations except China competed using

the Russian-built T-72 tank.

36.

The Battle of the Golan Heights between Israel and Syria is considered the greatest tank

battle ever fought in terms of military success.

An Israeli Defense Force of 3,000 troops, 180 tanks, and 60 artillery pieces brought

an assault of 28,000 Syrian troops, 800 tanks, and 600 artillery pieces to a dead standstill.

35.

Russia's T-54 and T-55 series of tanks are the most widely produced tank models in the

world.

Debuting in 1943, over 100,000 have been built and their most recent use came during the

Libyan Civil War in 2011.

34.

The most technologically advanced tank in the world is widely believed to be the US's

M1A2 Abrams, with a host of communications, surveillance and electronic defense and countermeasures.

33.

Russia's T-90 tank is equipped with the largest cannon in the world at 125 mms.

Russia's next generation T-14 Armata however also has a 125 mm cannon but can be upgraded

to a 152 mm cannon in the future for some serious power.

32.

The Battle of 73 Easting during the first Gulf War in 1991 is considered the "last

great tank battle of the 20thcentury", and pitted Iraq's elite Republican Guard forces

against the US's 1st, 2nd, and 3rdArmored Divisions.

31.

Despite being widely feared for their expertise, even amongst American commanders, the battle

was nearly completely one-sided against Iraq's Republican Guard forces with Iraq suffering

up to 1,000 killed and wounded, 1,300 prisoners taken, 160 tanks destroyed, 180 personnel

carriers destroyed, 12 artillery pieces destroyed, and 80 wheeled support vehicles destroyed.

The US suffered 6 KIA, 19 wounded, and 1 Bradley Infantry Fighting Vehicle destroyed.

30.

The stunning outcome of the Battle of 73 Easting led to Russian designers re-thinking several

elements of the T-72s design, as the T-72 had been the tank most in use by Iraqi forces.

Russian military leadership concluded after the battle that the only way to stop an American

armored advance would be the use of tactical nuclear weapons.

29.

Russia's next-generation T-14 tank is possibly the most advanced main battle tank in the

world- unfortunately its ballooning costs has led to Russia scrapping plans to buy more

than 100 of them and instead is turning to updating older T-72, T-80 and T-90 tanks instead.

28.

Poland is experimenting with what it calls the "tank of the future", called the PL-01.

The tank is coated with a chameleon-like skin that enables it to mimic the infrared signature

of its surroundings, making it much harder to detect with infrared sensors.

27.

The US's Abrams M1A2 is considered the best all-around tank in the world, with Russia's

T-14 directly challenging it for the top spot.

However the undisputed best protected tank in the world is Britain's Challenger 2, with

its state-of-the-art composite Chobham armor a classified secret.

26.

During NATO's invasion of Iraq, a British Challenger 2 was struck by 14 RPGs and one

anti-tank missile.

The crew survived and the tank was back in operation six hours later.

25.

Another Challenger 2 was later hit by 70 RPGs and also survived.

24.

The only Challenger 2 ever destroyed in combat was a friendly-fire incident in 2003.

No Challenger 2 has ever been lost to enemy action.

23.

The fastest tank in the world is the British FV101 Scorpion, which can reach speeds over

51 mph (82 kph).

22.

Syrian rebels have developed their own homemade tank, the Sham II.

It is equipped with several inches of steel and iron armor and a turret-mounted machine

gun.

Five video cameras ring the tank and a PlayStation controller operates the machine gun.

21.

During the Korean War, US soldier Eduardo C Gomez took out an enemy tank single-handedly

by crawling across an open rice field, climbing atop the tank and prying open the hatch before

dropping a grenade inside.

Remembering to lock the hatch has been an important element of tank crew training since

then.

20.

During the Battle of Stalingrad factories in the wartorn city continued to produce tanks

unabated.

The tanks were unpainted and lacked gunsights, and driven straight from the factory floor

to the front line.

19.

During World War II a single Soviet KV-1 tank stalled the advance of an entire German division

for a full day, facing off against an infantry assault, several German tanks, and German

anti-tank guns.

Grenades thrown into the hatches eventually killed the crew inside, which were buried

with full military honors after the battle by the Germans.

18.

An Australian Mk3 Centurion, serial number 169041 was nicknamed the Atomic Tank after

surviving a 9.1 kiloton nuclear blast from 460 meters away.

The tank was driven off after the test and served for another 23 years.

17.

In 1989 as part of a crackdown against pro-Democracy protests, Chinese tanks massacred 300 students

protesting the Communist government.

16.

The most famous image of the 1989 Tiananmen Square protests, that of a single man stopping

a column of tanks with a raised hand- quickly spread around the world and is today one of

the most iconic images ever captured- yet as it is heavily censored in China most Chinese

do not recognize it.

15.

A tank designed by the Swiss military once suffered from a bug where turning on the heater

might cause the main gun to fire.

This would prove to be particularly tragic in a country with as chilly winters as Sweden's.

14.

The longest tank-to-tank kill in history occurred when a British Challenger tank destroyed an

Iraqi T-62 at a range of 5100 meters- or over 3 miles!

13.

In 2006 Hungarian protesters hotwired a 50 year old Soviet T-34 tank that was part of

an outdoor memorial and drove it against riot police.

12.

In the 1980s the Soviet Union developed a 'laser tank'.

Equipped with artificial-ruby powered lasers, the 1K17 Szhatie was meant to destroy enemy

optical equipment, but proved too expensive to be practical.

11.

During World War II the US developed a prototype 'super tank'- the T28 Super Heavy Tank.

Weighing in at nearly 100 tons this monster was meant to break through the German defenses

of the Siegfried line, but was ultimately abandoned.

10.

The Brad Pitt World War II film FURY featured an authentic and operational Tiger 1 tank

from WWII- the first time such a vehicle has ever appeared on film.

Of 1300 of Germany's fearsome Tiger 1 tanks- widely believed to be some of the best made

during World War II- only 7 remain intact today.

As a way to defeat German tanks, the Soviets trained dogs to carry bombs attached to their

backs and crawl under enemy tanks before detonating.

However because Soviet tanks were used in the training, when deployed the dogs targeted

Russian tanks instead of German tanks- a slight oversight.

Arnold Schwarzenegger served as a tank crew member during his mandatory service in the

Austrian armed forces in 1965.

Later he bought the same tank he served in, an M47, and now uses it to support charitable

causes.

Drive A Tank, a business in Kasota, Minnesota, is the only place in the United States civilians

are allowed to drive a military tank.

During World War II German tanks were coated with a putty-like material known as Zimmerit

to prevent magnetic mines from sticking to them.

Object 269 was a Soviet tank developed in 1959 that was designed to survive a nuclear

explosion.

Little did the Soviets know that the Australians had apparently beaten them to the punch.

Along with the British Challenger, no American Abrams tank has ever been destroyed in combat

by enemy fire.

Since WWII all British tanks are equipped with a device that allows for the heating

of water called a 'boiling vessel'- rumored to have been developed because British soldiers

used to have to exit their tanks to boil water and make tea which endangered them and wasted

time.

The Nazis once planned a truly monstrous tank named, appropriately enough, the P 1500 "Monster".

Weighing 1500 tons the tank was too big for road or rail and was designed as a 'land battleship'

with a crew of 100+.

Despite Hitler eagerly OK' ing the concept, it was eventually scrapped- probably for being

absolutely insane.

What other tank facts do you know of?

What's truly the best tank of all time?

Let us know in the comments.

Also, be sure to check out our other video 50 Facts About Cold War.

Thanks for watching, and as always, please don't forget to like, share and subscribe.

For more infomation >> 50 Surprising Tank Facts That Will Shock You! - Duration: 13:05.

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Oryginalna praca Salvadora Dali „Freud with a Snail Head" z 1974 r. - Duration: 2:24.

Attention! Attention! ¡Atención! ¡Atención!

With unforced pleasure, I inform you that in the antique shop the original work of Salvador Dali is available,

titled "Freud with a Snail Head ", or" Freud with the head of the snail ".

The artwork comes from 1974.

Salvador Dalí (1904-1989) was a Spanish painter, graphic designer, sculptor and art theoretician,

especially the co-creator of surrealism.

In the early 1920s he studied at Real Academia de Bellas Artes de San Fernando in Madrid.

During his studies, he met Federico Garcia Lorca and Luis Buñuel.

In Paris, in 1928, he met Picasso and Andre Breton - guru of surrealism.

He was also approached by cooperation with Buñuel at the famous ones films "Andalusian Dog" (1929) and "Golden Age" (1931),

to which Dali wrote scripts.

Based on Freud's psychoanalysis theory, he developed own, "paranoid-critical" creative method -

"A spontaneous method of irrational cognition, based on a critical one and systematic objectification of delirious associations and interpretations. "

His most famous works are kept they were extremely suggestive in poetics,

realistic dream visions and hallucinations.

He directly refers to Freud presented by the antiquarian work of Dali.

After the surrealist period he began gave a little bit to small.

In the years 1940-49 he stayed in the USA,

and after returning to Europe, he settled in Port Lligat; he converted to Catholicism

and took care of - beyond continuations - religious themes as well

creation of own legend,

in cooperation with Gala, wife, muse, model and at the same time a painter's trade agent.

However, it is difficult to undermine its significant influence on the twentieth century art

and the fact that he left a lot extremely important works for the history of art.

So? Do you wish Dali for a wall?

Please visit www.atticus.pl

for artistic graphics and gift ideas.

For more infomation >> Oryginalna praca Salvadora Dali „Freud with a Snail Head" z 1974 r. - Duration: 2:24.

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OsmocomBB: Open Source GSM Implementation - Motorola Calypso Chip - Duration: 10:34.

Remember the Network Monitor built into the old Nokia phones from last video?

It allowed us to get some insight into the GSM traffic between the phone and the basestation

and even log messages between the phone processor and the SIM card.

But at the end of that video vadim said that it's not as powerful as the Calypso Chip

inside the Motorola phones.

So, what is so special about this?

On my channel I always try to encourage you to go to the source of information.

So this often means to seek out specifications, documentations and even the source code, rather

than trying to search for the direct solutions or even asking on stackoverflow.

But studying and learning about GSM that way, is pretty tough.

The specifications of GSM are available in public access for a long time,

so one can easily find thousands of *.pdf documents, and get some theoretical

knowledge of, for example, how a single frame from the upper layers turns

into the modulated signal at the physical layer.

The problem is that specifications themself can only give you a theoretical

knowledge, but not the practical experience.

Fortunately, experimenting with such ancient phones, ONE CAN easily get hands

dirty with practice!

And so this Motorola phone really helps to get some practical experience.

Unlike NetMonitor-enabled Nokia devices, some old Motorola phones can give

you much more capabilities to play with GSM on practice.

I am talking about the phones based on Calypso chipset.

Some time ago the private (NDAd) documentation for the Calypso baseband,

including both register and hardware definition, was leaked onto a public

forum by some unknown persons.

This leak has made it easier to reverse engineer the firmware of Calypso based phones

like Motorola C123.

So what is this calypso chipset.

Why did you have to reverse engineer the firmware.

I mean nowadays you have open source android, right?

Why would still be using this old phone with a reverse engineered firmware?

How does this make sense.

I know a lot of you will already know that there is a difference between the baseband

and the regular processor of the phone.

But I want to make sure everybody understands this, so let me quickly explain.

In the first video I asked the question, how many computers are in your phone.

And we learned that the SIM card is actual it's own chip running software.

and The regular processor in phones is sometimes referred to as application processor.

This is what you would consider the main CPU that is handling the phone menu, the games,

showing stuff on the screen and so forth.

On modern smartphones, you can see it as the CPU that is handling the android operating

system, or the iOS and so forth.

But even though you view this as the phone, this processor doesn't actually do much

phone stuff.

It does not run all the GSM network parts.

The android operating system does not contain the source code for speaking GSM, UMTS or

LTE.

This is implemented in another chip inside the phone.

And that is called the baseband.

This chip is running it's own operating system, usually a RTOS, a real time operating

system and it has it's own memory and so forth.

This chip is actually controlling the radio part.

It is implementing all these complex mobile protocols.

And the android operating system contains proprietary drivers to communicate with the

baseband chip.

Now depending on the baseband chip used, there is maybe a debug interface available.

You have seen one last video, the nokia network monitor.

But for example the interface to some more modern Qualcomm basebands has also been reverse

engineered and there is a project called SnoopSnitch which we might check out another time.

It can also be used to analyse GSM packets.

And all of that is great, you get the baseband to dump GSM packets out for further analysis.

But really understand GSM and really learn about the protocol, you actually want to have

more control over the baseband.

And that's why people tried to reverse engineer not only the interface to those chips, but

to reverse engineer the actual firmware.

But this kind of firmware is extremely complex because of all the signal processing, timings,

and what not.

I can't imagine reverse engineering that.

So insight is very limited and ssooo time intensive.

But vadim already mentioned what makes the Calypso Baseband chipset in the motorola phone

so special.

The register-level manuals seem to have leaked at some point.

This document is confidential.

It was shared under a non disclosure agreement in the year 2000.

With something like this you can easily get into legal trouble and I feel a bit hesitant

to show it.

But in this case these documents have been on the internet for so many years that I guess

it's fine now.

Let's have a look at the general description:

CALYPSO is a chip implementing the digital base-band processes of a GSM/GPRS mobile phone.

The application of this circuit is the management of the GSM/GPRS base-band processes through

the GSM layer 1, 2 and 3 protocols.

CALYPSO architecture is based on two processor cores ARM7 and LEAD2.

So the chip actually includes two processors.

I think the Motorola didn't have a separate application processor.

These old feature phones often had these things combined in a single chip.

So the processor that implements some GSM protocol layers is also handling the keyboard

input and the display and so forth.

I think the ARM processor is doing that.

And then we also have the LEAD2 which is a DSP, a digital signal processing chip.

That one is doing the real crazy radio stuff.

Here in the document you can also see the features of them.

For example the arm chip can talk to the SIM card, which it has to, for example to get

the IMSI or doing crypto stuff.

But you see it's a pretty complicated chip with a lot of features.

So this documentation is worth gold for anybody who wants to reverse engineer the firmware.

When you reverse engineer firmware of embedded devices you often need to know what certain

addresses and registers are for and what the different memory ranges mean.

So this document tells you about things like the Memory maps.

And I just picked a register that sounded interesting, here is the SIM card related

registers.

So when you reverse engineer the firmware, and something is reading or writing to this

address, fffe:0000, you wouldn't know what that means.

But because in the documentation you can see that this address is defined readable and

writeable and it has this name, you know that the code wants to for example initiate the

sim card start procedure I guess.

Writing the single bit 1 to one of these bits will cause an event, so I guess with that

you can start up the sim card?

No clue, I don't know how this works.

But you see why you really need documentation like this to understand the firmware that

you reverse engineer.

And now Imagine you could reverse engineer the whole firmware so far, that you can reimplement

it, so that you would have a full open source baseband software.

Wouldn't that be crazy and super useful?

Welcome to the OsmocomBB project.

OsmocomBB is an Free Software / Open Source GSM Baseband software implementation.

It intends to completely replace the need for a proprietary GSM baseband software, such

as:

drivers for the GSM analog and digital baseband.

And if you click on the digital baseband, it will lead to: Calypso Digital Base Band

chip is a popular DBB (digital baseband) implementation for inexpensive feature phones.

The wikipedia article of osmocombb also says.

OsmocomBB implements the GSM protocol stack's three lowest OSI Layers of the client side

GSM protocol and device drivers.

And it also mentions the motivation for this.

After developing OpenBSC, a Base Station Controller, the authors wanted to create a free client-side

implementation of the GSM protocol in January 2010.

GSM has been in use since 1991, but OsmocomBB is still the only free implementation, excluding

failed projects like TSM30 from THC and MadOS.

We slowly make our way to the basestation side, patience, but what is said here is really

important.

Osmocom, or OsmocomBB is not just a research project that hacked together a proof of concept

partial GSM implementation to checkout some stuff.

When you hear about more modern LTE security research this is generally the state.

OsmocomBB is an actual full open source GSM implementation and the intention was not security

research, but to serve as a full client-side implementation of the GSM protocol... because

the authors developed their own base station software OpenBSC.

And just to provide a bit more context now, remember the SIM command register from earlier?

We can checkout the osmocombb source code now.

Here they define the register address for the sim command register.

Including the exact bit for the SIM card start procedure.

And in the sim.c file we can see here a debug output that checks the SIM start command register

value and either prints that the SIM card starting procedure is active or not.

And we can also see where this event, to start up the SIM card is initiated.

In the same file we can find a calypso_sim_powerup function.

The comment says it will apply power to the simcard.

So this will start up the sim card.

And here we see a write to the SIM_CMD register, and more specifically the SIM_CMDSTART bit

of that register.

Isn't that awesome?!

So now we know why this old Motorola phone with the calypso baseband chip is so special.

Thanks to the leak of those documents, the osmocom project was able to implement an open

source GSM stack which can now be used to really interact with the GSM network.

For more infomation >> OsmocomBB: Open Source GSM Implementation - Motorola Calypso Chip - Duration: 10:34.

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Cyberpunk 2077 News Morality & Origins - Duration: 5:58.

For more infomation >> Cyberpunk 2077 News Morality & Origins - Duration: 5:58.

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Can you mod Fallout 76 to run on an Integrated GPU? (IntelHD / AMD Athlon APU) - Duration: 7:13.

This video is brought to you by Skillshare

3 years ago Fallout 4, the best selling Fallout game so far was released to the world.

Originally the game was planned to have

some sort of multiplayer components but they interestingly they decided it was better to

spin it off into its own game and Fallout 76 was born.

Using a modified version of the same Engine that runs Fallout 4 that has been adapted

for multiplayer which came with an increase in minimum requirements and a just slightly

controversial reception.

But you know what you are here.

What will it take to make it work under the minimum requirements?

What sort of performance can you expect?

Welcome to the LowSpecGamer, where I labour to figure out what can you do after lowering

all the settings to the lowest to keep going down the graphical spiral.

No matter what, we are going to make it run.

In the case of Fallout 76 the fact that the Engine is reused means that a lot of what

we have learned from Fallout 4 turns out to be very useful.

For example, the configuration files are located in the documents folder shown on screen and

the most important is Fallout76Prefs.ini

Let´s start with Shadows.

So far I have not found a way to completely disable them, but if you set fShadowDistance

and fDirShadowDistance= to 0 and set iDirShadowSplits to 1 you can reduce their draw distance as

minimum as possible.

A fun one is grass.

These 3 parameters in the grass section control its draw distance and if you set them all

to 0 you get a very dramatic reduction in pesky foliage to render.

And talking about draw distance this section right here controls the general draw distance

of different elements in the game with 1 being the lowest possible value.

On the lowest settings, the game still preserves some of the draw distance of items, certain

objects and other players.

You can drop them all to 1 if you are desperate, but considering how big the areas on this

game this might make it very difficult to play or interact with other players.

I have experimented with reducing the player draw distance to 4 and object distance all

the way to 2 and the effect is still very playable with good gains in performance.

One easy gain is that even on lowest settings TAA antialiasing is always on, which you can

disable by settings sAntiAliasing to 0.

One not so easily ignored is setting this set to terrain variables to 100, which reduces

the quality of terrain in the distance and make it somewhat blurry.

It is a bit far off so maybe you can live with that.

More extreme is iLargeTextureArrayDim which if increased can reduce the quality of some

elements in the distance and if increase too much can cause some... glitches after a certain

distance that you might notice.

So, how much can this all help?

Let´s find out.

The Athlon 200GE, and APU with a Vega Integrated GPU has proven to be quite an interesting

piece of hardware

While the modern architecture makes it punch way over its weight,

its only 2 cores can be a limiting factor compared to really old quadcore in CPU heavy

experiences like Overwatch and its integrated GPU is amazing but still weaker than a dedicated

GT 1030

Using all of these tweaks and a resolution of 720 I set out to see if it could handle

this game during a stream here on YouTube that some of you might have caught

(if not, maybe you should subscribe).

It did initially seem to be able to handle near 30 fps on most situations and I did not

encounter any of these games legendary glitches I quickly discovered that if performance dropped

to certain low level the game would straight up the crash.

GOTCHA. Come on.

Woa! Did the game crash? I think the game just crashed.

Wow. Haha. Great job Fallout

To overcome that I took one last measure and dropped the resolution to 960x540.

Just like Fallout 4, 76 seems to take almost any custom resolution in the config file as

long as you add it to the GPU list using something like the custom resolution program linked

in the description, or the control panel of the GPU.

Once on that resolution, I was able to jump into some fight with no problem.

I usually go for the extremely lowest here on this channel in order to prove a point,

but I found it interesting to experiment with the draw distance values.

While not the lowest they can be they are still lower than what the game usually does

and the game remains perfectly usable and playable without much trouble.

Or well, as playable as you can expect on something like this.

Heck while doing this stream I accidentally ran into a group of players fighting waves

of enemies for an event and I could easily participate without much trouble.

Finally, I wanted to add a small section for this Dell XPS PC.

While it comes equipped with a laptop i7 that is very thermally limited and integrated Intel

UHD graphics which are definitely weaker than what is needed to play most modern big releases,

no matter what some people seem to believe.

It is also is fairly weaker than the Vega integrated GPU, but with a custom resolution

of 768x432 and some of the tweaks previously mentioned it does pretty fine.

At this point, any possible appreciation for game graphics is out the window but the basic

gameplay loop works.

Not every game is readable when you get to this level but Fallout 4 is one of them and

76 follow suit.

So, if you have a very new IntelHD or low end dedicated GPU you can definitely use some

of this to get started.

Now if you need actual skills to survive the future wasteland that the future world is

beginning to look like you are going to need more practical training like how to basically

communicate in Chinese or How to preserve food effectively... and believe it or not

these are things that you can learn on

Skillshare and online learning community with over 20,000 classes in design, business, technology

and as you have noticed quite a bit more.

They have a great selection of free classes but if you want the full skillset the link

in the description will give you 2 months of Skillshare Premium which has every class

available free.

Time to start gaining Skills for the apocalyptic future that is definitively coming.

Thank you to them for Sponsoring this video, and you for all your brilliant contributions.

For example, a lot of people have been submitting jokes for the hidden end of the video.

Dylan Kho Liang Ee submitted this one I like:

Do you know why fan cooling is worse than liquid cooling?

It blows.

For more infomation >> Can you mod Fallout 76 to run on an Integrated GPU? (IntelHD / AMD Athlon APU) - Duration: 7:13.

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Understanding While My Guitar Gently Weeps - Duration: 8:00.

this video is sponsored by Apple Corps.

hey, welcome to 12tone! this November marked the 50th anniversary of the White Album, possibly

the most important album in the history of popular music, and to celebrate, Apple Corps

and I teamed up to pay tribute to the Beatles' greatest accomplishment by looking at one

of the best songs off that album, George Harrison's While My Guitar Gently Weeps.

it starts like this: (bang) and while there's definitely some interesting chords going on,

this section feels almost completely built around the bass. it's playing this simple,

powerful descending line (bang) and honestly, it almost doesn't matter what chords they

play on top of it.

any way you harmonize this line will probably sound good, because the slide down the scale

provides enough structure on its own to hold the entire progression together.

but there are chords, of course, so let's talk about them.

this section reminds me of a device called a line cliche, which is where the harmony

stays pretty much the same except for one rogue line that slowly drifts up or down.

basically, we start on A minor, then the root slowly falls down while the rest of it holds

still.

it's not quite a traditional line cliche, though: first of all, normally the changing

line moves a half-step at a time, but here we go straight from A to G, skipping right

past G# in the process.

why?

well, this accomplishes two things.

first, the options for harmonizing that G# aren't great.

traditionally, this part of a line cliche plays A minor major 7, which is a fairly dissonant

chord, so skipping it helps keep the section from sounding too jagged. and second, it lets

you walk down a bit further in the same four bars: usually, a minor line cliche would end

on F# half-diminished, but by skipping the G# chord we make room for F major, which is

a nicer sound.

the other difference between this and a normal line cliche is that the rest of the harmony

doesn't actually sit still.

if they did, it'd sound like this (bang) which is still pretty good, but it's not what they're

doing.

the first two chords are the same, but after that the harmony gets restless and starts

moving around, so instead of F# half-diminished we get D9, and instead of F major 7, we get

an F major triad.

I still feel comfortable analyzing it as a line cliche because the A and C stay in the

same place the whole time, but the slight variations add a bunch of extra color to it.

still, though, I think this thing is pretty much just an elaborated A minor chord.

there's a sense of motion created by the line cliche, but it's not actually moving very

much.

in the second half of the progression, though, that changes.

(bang) here, we have a pretty straightforward example of functional harmony, which as we've

mentioned before is the idea that different chords in a key have different functions,

or jobs to do.

we start on the I chord, which has tonic function, meaning it provides a sense of rest.

then we go to the bVII, which here I think has subdominant function, meaning it adds

instability to take you away.

the IV chord is interesting here: it has subdominant function too, but more importantly, it's major.

normally we'd expect to see D minor here, and the use of a major IV chord implies that

we may be in a scale called Dorian, which is like minor but a little bit brighter because

it has a raised 6th note.

maybe this choice signals a bit of hopefulness on the part of the narrator?

anyway, after that we see the V chord, which has dominant function, meaning it points us

back to the I chord and the progression starts all over.

so what we've got is a long, largely static section where the harmony's pretty much sitting

still, followed by a section of fairly rapid, powerful motion.

that's cool and all, but in order to really understand how great this progression is,

I think we need to look at the lyrics happening on top of it.

each lyrical phrase can be broken up into two parts.

the first part is something like "I look at you all and I see the love sleeping."

here, Harrison is passively observing a status quo. the world is turning, the floor needs

sweeping, etcetera.

this plays over the line cliche, and nothing is really happening.

the second part, though, is the "while my guitar gently weeps", which is an active expression

of emotion.

he's taking a stand, and when he does, the harmony starts moving.

it's amazing.

there's also a slight variation that happens: for the second half of the verse, we get the

same line cliche, but in the functional section we get this instead.

(bang) obviously the bass picks up at the end, building energy and momentum towards

the chorus, but that's not the important part here.

what I want to talk about is this C major.

this is still basically functional: it's the bIII chord, whose job is a bit ambiguous,

but it definitely can be subdominant.

but more importantly, it's replacing the D major, which was a symbol of brightness and

hope, with something more native to the minor scale.

it also makes the move to E major sound bigger, because the two chords have what's called

a chromatic mediant relationship, which means they're a third apart but they don't share

as many notes as we'd expect.

specifically, C major has a G, but when we go to E major it slides up to a G#, increasing

the sense of resolution when we finally land on A.

anyway, after that we move into the chorus (bang) where we've apparently switched to

A major.

this is what's called a parallel modulation, where you keep the same root but change the

scale you're using.

normally a switch to major would feel happy and uplifting, but I'm not really getting

that here.

this feels more anxious, and I think that's because despite being in a major key, the

section is still chock full of minor chords, and the melody revolves around C#, the 3rd,

instead of A, the root. as for functions, though, we start on the I chord, which is

tonic, then go to IIImi, which is tonic, then VImi, which is tonic, then back to IIImi,

which is… still tonic.

yeah, the whole section is just one function, which means that much like the line cliche

in the verse, these four bars are basically an elaborated version of the I chord. it's

static harmony created through functional techniques, almost like a synthesis of the

two verse parts.

after that we get this (bang) which is, again, much easier to explain.

we start on IImi, which is subdominant.

we sit on that for two bars, then go to the V chord which, as always, is dominant.

that bass walk-up adds a little extra tension, which makes the inevitable resolution even

stronger.

this section also moves slower than the verse: the tempo doesn't really change, of course,

but the harmonic rhythm does, and we sit on each chord for longer before moving on.

we're drawing the harmony out, giving each chord a chance to breathe and letting the

audience really absorb each function on its own.

but there's one last thing I want to talk about in the chorus: the vocals.

Harrison double-tracked his voice, and he sang the chorus slightly different each time.

this sort of texture, where you have the same melody being sung with different embellishments

at the same time, is called heterophony, and it's pretty rare in Western music.

it's much more common in the classical traditions of places like Thailand and the Middle East.

but it's doing more than just creating an interesting feel here: it's telling a story.

you see, this song is generally believed to be about Harrison's frustration with the growing

tension within the band.

they were drifting apart, each starting to go off in their own artistic direction, and

here, that's represented by a vocal line that can't even stay in sync with itself.

the two versions of the melody can't quite agree on what exactly they're supposed sound

like, which is an absolutely brilliant compositional metaphor for the Beatles themselves at the

time of the White Album.

I love it.

so much.

it's so good.

anyway, that's pretty much it.

the only other section is the guitar solo, played by Eric Clapton, which is over the

verse progression.

Clapton was initially hesitant to record on a Beatles song, since it was so rare that

they featured a soloist from outside the band, and even after Harrison convinced him he requested

that his guitar be mixed to sound as Beatles-y as possible so it wouldn't stand out.

that's not super relevant to the analysis, but it's a fun story so I thought I'd share.

oh, and one last thing before I go: in addition to this video, Apple Corps also sponsored

my friends in the band Airplane Mode to record a cover of the song, so if you want to hear

a more modern take on it, there's a link to that in the description.

I consulted a bit on the arrangement so maybe I'm a little biased, but I think it turned

out really cool.

it does what I think every good cover should do: identify the heart of the song, and then

change everything else.

anyway, thanks for watching, and thanks our Patreon patrons for making these videos possible!

if you want to help pick the next song we analyze, just head on over to Patreon and

pledge at any level.

you can also join our mailing list to find out about new episodes, like, share, comment,

subscribe, and above all, keep on rockin'.

For more infomation >> Understanding While My Guitar Gently Weeps - Duration: 8:00.

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Toyota Corolla 1.6 VVT-I TERRA 5DRS 158DKM EXPORT - Duration: 1:06.

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Fim do foro privilegiado e cirurgia para simetria das mamas em destaque - Duration: 1:31.

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EM LIBRAS! Fim do foro privilegiado e cirurgia para simetria das mamas em destaque - Duration: 1:32.

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CASTELLO BRANCO JÁ TEM SALA NA PETROBRAS E REVISOU PLANO DE NEGÓCIOS, DIZEM FONTES - Duration: 7:13.

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Paolla Oliveira 'quebra web' ao posar com vestido decotado e luxuoso: ''Mais linda do Brasil'' - Duration: 1:40.

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Nos espera un fin de semana de mal tiempo | Noticias Telemundo - Duration: 2:17.

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Semanas sem Neymar, Bruna Marquezine consegue superar e se declara para outro - Duration: 11:01.

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Nuevo récord de inmigrantes detenidos en la frontera | Noticias Telemundo - Duration: 0:37.

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Trump presenta a su candidato para la Secretaría de Justicia | Noticias Telemundo - Duration: 0:36.

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Los latinos vuelven a ser visibles en los premios Grammy | Noticias Telemundo - Duration: 0:41.

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Ya está lista Madrid para la final de la Copa Libertadores | Noticias Telemundo - Duration: 2:24.

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For more infomation >> Daniel Habif, el arte de transmitir esperanza | Noticias Telemundo - Duration: 3:53.

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✅ Domenica Live e Domenica In: chi sono gli ospiti del 9 Dicembre 2018 - Duration: 2:15.

Chi sono gli ospiti della prossima domenica di Domenica Live e Domenica In Come ogni domenica, anche questo 9 Dicembre 2018 ci attende un pomeriggio di fuoco tra Domenica In e Domenica Live

Ancora una volta, le due grandi signore della televisione italiano si sfideranno a suon di ospiti speciali

Mara Venier o Barbara d'Urso, chi vincerà la gara di ascolti questa volta?! Vedremo

Intanto, vediamo quali sono i Vip e i meno Vip che saranno presenti nello studio di Rai Uno e in quello di Canale 5

Dalla d'Urso tantissime sorprese ed esclusive. Torna in studio Lory Del Santo e il suo toy-boy

Arriva la replica dell'ex compagno di Paola Caruso. Arrivano poi Jane Alexander e Elia Fongaro insieme

Mara Venier, Domenica In: i nomi degli ospiti in studio il 9 Dicembre 2018 Mara Venier sgancia la bomba

La nota presentatrice di Domenica In ha in serbo per i tuoi telespettatori grandissime sorprese

Grasse risate con un momento dedicato completamente al comico romano Enrico Brignano, reduce dall'intervista rilascia a Paolo Bonolis dopo essere stato vittima di Scherzi a Parte

Confessioni e importantissimi dichiarazioni da parte del bello e impossibile Gabriel Garko

Il noto attore aprirà il suo cuore in diretta tv. Miriam Leone e Riccardo Scamarcio presenteranno il film Testimone Invisibile, al cinema dal 13 Dicembre 2018

Presente anche Max Biaggi che, senza dubbio, tornerà a parlare anche del brutto incidente del 2017

Domenica In: tutti i nuovi ospiti di Mara Venier Tempo di musica e canzoni anche con l'arrivo in studio da Mara di Patty Pravo

La nota cantautrice delizierà il pubblico con un medley, per poi ovviamente raccontarsi alla dolce Venier

C'è anche Ottavia Fusco, che replicherà alle dichiarazioni rilasciate da Claudia Cardinale la scorsa settimana

For more infomation >> ✅ Domenica Live e Domenica In: chi sono gli ospiti del 9 Dicembre 2018 - Duration: 2:15.

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Oryginalna praca Salvadora Dali „Freud with a Snail Head" z 1974 r. - Duration: 2:24.

Attention! Attention! ¡Atención! ¡Atención!

With unforced pleasure, I inform you that in the antique shop the original work of Salvador Dali is available,

titled "Freud with a Snail Head ", or" Freud with the head of the snail ".

The artwork comes from 1974.

Salvador Dalí (1904-1989) was a Spanish painter, graphic designer, sculptor and art theoretician,

especially the co-creator of surrealism.

In the early 1920s he studied at Real Academia de Bellas Artes de San Fernando in Madrid.

During his studies, he met Federico Garcia Lorca and Luis Buñuel.

In Paris, in 1928, he met Picasso and Andre Breton - guru of surrealism.

He was also approached by cooperation with Buñuel at the famous ones films "Andalusian Dog" (1929) and "Golden Age" (1931),

to which Dali wrote scripts.

Based on Freud's psychoanalysis theory, he developed own, "paranoid-critical" creative method -

"A spontaneous method of irrational cognition, based on a critical one and systematic objectification of delirious associations and interpretations. "

His most famous works are kept they were extremely suggestive in poetics,

realistic dream visions and hallucinations.

He directly refers to Freud presented by the antiquarian work of Dali.

After the surrealist period he began gave a little bit to small.

In the years 1940-49 he stayed in the USA,

and after returning to Europe, he settled in Port Lligat; he converted to Catholicism

and took care of - beyond continuations - religious themes as well

creation of own legend,

in cooperation with Gala, wife, muse, model and at the same time a painter's trade agent.

However, it is difficult to undermine its significant influence on the twentieth century art

and the fact that he left a lot extremely important works for the history of art.

So? Do you wish Dali for a wall?

Please visit www.atticus.pl

for artistic graphics and gift ideas.

For more infomation >> Oryginalna praca Salvadora Dali „Freud with a Snail Head" z 1974 r. - Duration: 2:24.

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50 Surprising Tank Facts That Will Shock You! - Duration: 13:05.

Armed with a cannon, missiles, and machine guns, tanks are the ultimate weapon and dominate

the battlefield.

They remove man from the limitations of his frail flesh and wrap him in several inches

of solid steel and high-tech ceramics, turning him into a modern Roman god of war, dispensing

death and destruction to his enemies.

Hello, and welcome to another episode of The Infographics Show- today we're taking a look

at 50 incredible facts about tanks.

50.

Tanks first saw duty in September 1916 during World War I at the Battle of the Somme.

Envisioned as a way of breaking the gridlock of trench warfare, most of these primitive

tanks quickly broke down and their ultimate effect on the enemy was more psychological

than kinetic.

49.

Tanks got their name from the British- during their development the Brits took to calling

the massive machines 'tanks' to make any German spies think that they were building massive

water tanks to provide water to troops.

48.

The very first tank, the Mark 1, weighed 26 tons and was armed with 57mm guns.

It had a top speed of 3.7 mph (6 kmh).

47.

A modern American Abrams M1A2 tank by comparison weighs 68.7 tons, is armed with a 120mm cannon,

and has a top speed of 41.5 mph (66.8 kmh).

46.

Tanks were categorized by gender depending on their armament during WWI.

Male tanks had cannons and female tanks had machine guns.

45.

Despite their terrifying presence on a battlefield, early tanks were not particularly effective.

By the end of the fourth day of the battle of Amiens in 1918, the British Tank Corps

which had consisted of over 500 tanks was left with only 6.

44.

Britain and France manufactured a total of 6,506 tanks during WWI- while Germany built

only 20 between 1916 and 1918.

43.

The smallest tank ever made was the French Renault UE Chenillette, just under nine feet

(2.7 meters) long and four feet (1.2 meters) tall.

42.

The largest tank battle in history was the Battle of Kursk in July, 1943.

An estimated 23,000 tanks and over four million men took part, and at the end of the battle

the Germans lost 350 tanks versus 800 by the Russians.

41.

The world's most expensive tank is the French army's AMX-56 Leclerc, with an estimated cost

of 12.5 million dollars.

40.

With over 22,000 tanks of varying degrees of modernity, Russia commands the largest

battle tank force in the world.

39.

The United States, with 9,000 tanks is second to Russia in tank numbers.

38.

The Russian military routinely hosts a 'tank biathlon' that tests crew's ability to provide

accurate and rapid fire under a variety of terrain conditions, as well as tests the ruggedness

and durability of the vehicles themselves.

37.

In 2015 seventeen nations were invited to take part in Russia's tank biathlon, including

Angola, Kuwait, Nicaragua, China, India, Kuwait, and Venezuela.

Russia won all 13 categories of the tournament and all nations except China competed using

the Russian-built T-72 tank.

36.

The Battle of the Golan Heights between Israel and Syria is considered the greatest tank

battle ever fought in terms of military success.

An Israeli Defense Force of 3,000 troops, 180 tanks, and 60 artillery pieces brought

an assault of 28,000 Syrian troops, 800 tanks, and 600 artillery pieces to a dead standstill.

35.

Russia's T-54 and T-55 series of tanks are the most widely produced tank models in the

world.

Debuting in 1943, over 100,000 have been built and their most recent use came during the

Libyan Civil War in 2011.

34.

The most technologically advanced tank in the world is widely believed to be the US's

M1A2 Abrams, with a host of communications, surveillance and electronic defense and countermeasures.

33.

Russia's T-90 tank is equipped with the largest cannon in the world at 125 mms.

Russia's next generation T-14 Armata however also has a 125 mm cannon but can be upgraded

to a 152 mm cannon in the future for some serious power.

32.

The Battle of 73 Easting during the first Gulf War in 1991 is considered the "last

great tank battle of the 20thcentury", and pitted Iraq's elite Republican Guard forces

against the US's 1st, 2nd, and 3rdArmored Divisions.

31.

Despite being widely feared for their expertise, even amongst American commanders, the battle

was nearly completely one-sided against Iraq's Republican Guard forces with Iraq suffering

up to 1,000 killed and wounded, 1,300 prisoners taken, 160 tanks destroyed, 180 personnel

carriers destroyed, 12 artillery pieces destroyed, and 80 wheeled support vehicles destroyed.

The US suffered 6 KIA, 19 wounded, and 1 Bradley Infantry Fighting Vehicle destroyed.

30.

The stunning outcome of the Battle of 73 Easting led to Russian designers re-thinking several

elements of the T-72s design, as the T-72 had been the tank most in use by Iraqi forces.

Russian military leadership concluded after the battle that the only way to stop an American

armored advance would be the use of tactical nuclear weapons.

29.

Russia's next-generation T-14 tank is possibly the most advanced main battle tank in the

world- unfortunately its ballooning costs has led to Russia scrapping plans to buy more

than 100 of them and instead is turning to updating older T-72, T-80 and T-90 tanks instead.

28.

Poland is experimenting with what it calls the "tank of the future", called the PL-01.

The tank is coated with a chameleon-like skin that enables it to mimic the infrared signature

of its surroundings, making it much harder to detect with infrared sensors.

27.

The US's Abrams M1A2 is considered the best all-around tank in the world, with Russia's

T-14 directly challenging it for the top spot.

However the undisputed best protected tank in the world is Britain's Challenger 2, with

its state-of-the-art composite Chobham armor a classified secret.

26.

During NATO's invasion of Iraq, a British Challenger 2 was struck by 14 RPGs and one

anti-tank missile.

The crew survived and the tank was back in operation six hours later.

25.

Another Challenger 2 was later hit by 70 RPGs and also survived.

24.

The only Challenger 2 ever destroyed in combat was a friendly-fire incident in 2003.

No Challenger 2 has ever been lost to enemy action.

23.

The fastest tank in the world is the British FV101 Scorpion, which can reach speeds over

51 mph (82 kph).

22.

Syrian rebels have developed their own homemade tank, the Sham II.

It is equipped with several inches of steel and iron armor and a turret-mounted machine

gun.

Five video cameras ring the tank and a PlayStation controller operates the machine gun.

21.

During the Korean War, US soldier Eduardo C Gomez took out an enemy tank single-handedly

by crawling across an open rice field, climbing atop the tank and prying open the hatch before

dropping a grenade inside.

Remembering to lock the hatch has been an important element of tank crew training since

then.

20.

During the Battle of Stalingrad factories in the wartorn city continued to produce tanks

unabated.

The tanks were unpainted and lacked gunsights, and driven straight from the factory floor

to the front line.

19.

During World War II a single Soviet KV-1 tank stalled the advance of an entire German division

for a full day, facing off against an infantry assault, several German tanks, and German

anti-tank guns.

Grenades thrown into the hatches eventually killed the crew inside, which were buried

with full military honors after the battle by the Germans.

18.

An Australian Mk3 Centurion, serial number 169041 was nicknamed the Atomic Tank after

surviving a 9.1 kiloton nuclear blast from 460 meters away.

The tank was driven off after the test and served for another 23 years.

17.

In 1989 as part of a crackdown against pro-Democracy protests, Chinese tanks massacred 300 students

protesting the Communist government.

16.

The most famous image of the 1989 Tiananmen Square protests, that of a single man stopping

a column of tanks with a raised hand- quickly spread around the world and is today one of

the most iconic images ever captured- yet as it is heavily censored in China most Chinese

do not recognize it.

15.

A tank designed by the Swiss military once suffered from a bug where turning on the heater

might cause the main gun to fire.

This would prove to be particularly tragic in a country with as chilly winters as Sweden's.

14.

The longest tank-to-tank kill in history occurred when a British Challenger tank destroyed an

Iraqi T-62 at a range of 5100 meters- or over 3 miles!

13.

In 2006 Hungarian protesters hotwired a 50 year old Soviet T-34 tank that was part of

an outdoor memorial and drove it against riot police.

12.

In the 1980s the Soviet Union developed a 'laser tank'.

Equipped with artificial-ruby powered lasers, the 1K17 Szhatie was meant to destroy enemy

optical equipment, but proved too expensive to be practical.

11.

During World War II the US developed a prototype 'super tank'- the T28 Super Heavy Tank.

Weighing in at nearly 100 tons this monster was meant to break through the German defenses

of the Siegfried line, but was ultimately abandoned.

10.

The Brad Pitt World War II film FURY featured an authentic and operational Tiger 1 tank

from WWII- the first time such a vehicle has ever appeared on film.

Of 1300 of Germany's fearsome Tiger 1 tanks- widely believed to be some of the best made

during World War II- only 7 remain intact today.

As a way to defeat German tanks, the Soviets trained dogs to carry bombs attached to their

backs and crawl under enemy tanks before detonating.

However because Soviet tanks were used in the training, when deployed the dogs targeted

Russian tanks instead of German tanks- a slight oversight.

Arnold Schwarzenegger served as a tank crew member during his mandatory service in the

Austrian armed forces in 1965.

Later he bought the same tank he served in, an M47, and now uses it to support charitable

causes.

Drive A Tank, a business in Kasota, Minnesota, is the only place in the United States civilians

are allowed to drive a military tank.

During World War II German tanks were coated with a putty-like material known as Zimmerit

to prevent magnetic mines from sticking to them.

Object 269 was a Soviet tank developed in 1959 that was designed to survive a nuclear

explosion.

Little did the Soviets know that the Australians had apparently beaten them to the punch.

Along with the British Challenger, no American Abrams tank has ever been destroyed in combat

by enemy fire.

Since WWII all British tanks are equipped with a device that allows for the heating

of water called a 'boiling vessel'- rumored to have been developed because British soldiers

used to have to exit their tanks to boil water and make tea which endangered them and wasted

time.

The Nazis once planned a truly monstrous tank named, appropriately enough, the P 1500 "Monster".

Weighing 1500 tons the tank was too big for road or rail and was designed as a 'land battleship'

with a crew of 100+.

Despite Hitler eagerly OK' ing the concept, it was eventually scrapped- probably for being

absolutely insane.

What other tank facts do you know of?

What's truly the best tank of all time?

Let us know in the comments.

Also, be sure to check out our other video 50 Facts About Cold War.

Thanks for watching, and as always, please don't forget to like, share and subscribe.

For more infomation >> 50 Surprising Tank Facts That Will Shock You! - Duration: 13:05.

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Volvo XC40 T4 190pk Geartronic R-Design DEMO - Duration: 1:14.

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