- Hello guys, we come with the Polyglot road once again! How are you?
All good?
- Hi, folks!
- Hi guys! My name is Marcão!
- And my name is Valentina!
- In today's episode we go to the heart of Central Europe
to learn a little bit of Hungarian!
- We went to Hungary, the country of goulash, of thermal baths
and water polo to show you the charming Budapest and its people!
Did you know that words like saber and paprika come from Hungarian?
- We talked to Zsanett, Kartal and Fruzsina,
who taught us a little of this charming and complicated language!
- Our challenges in this episode are hilarious,
with Marcão showing his wualities of an ogre throwing axes
and I demonstrating my artistic abilities singing in Hungarian on the streets.
- Well, please check down here and like our video!
- And support us by subscribing to our channel!
WHERE IS IT?
- Hungary is a country located in Central Europe,
in the region of the Pannonian Basin.
The country is a little smaller than the state of Pernambuco,
and shares borders with seven countries:
Austria, Slovenia, Croatia, Serbia, Romania, Ukraine and Slovakia.
Hungary is traditionally divided by two of its main rivers, the Danube and the Tisza.
These rivers form three main regions:
Transdanubia or Dúnantúl ("beyond Danube"),
Tiszantúl ("beyond Tisza") and Duna-Tisza köze ("between Danube and Tisza").
The Hungarian capital is Budapest, on the Danube.
The modern city is a junction of the old cities of Buda, Pest and Óbuda, united in 1873.
Other important cities nowadays are Debrecen, Szeged, Miskolc, Pécs and Győr.
Hungary has classic continental climate
with temperatures of around 26 degrees Celsius in summer and -5 in winter.
- Hungary with this name dates from the Middle Ages,
from around the year 900, when the Pannonian Basin was conquered by Hungarians or Magyars,
a semi-nomad people from the steppes close to the Ural Mountains.
The first Hungarian monarch was the Grand Prince Árpad, and the first king was Saint Stephen.
After centuries with several strong leaders, like Matthias Corvinus,
the Kingdom of Hungary went into decline with the expansion of the Ottoman Empire.
The wars between Hungarians and Turks lasted more than 150 years.
With the expulsion of the Turks in 1717,
the territory of Turkey became a part of the Austrian Empire.
After the Revolution of 1848
and the War of Independence, both led by the Hungarians and suppressed
with difficulty by the Austrians,
Austria negotiated the Compromise of 1867, which gave rise to the Austro-Hungarian Empire.
Both kingdoms came to be ruled separately by two parliaments
in two capitals, but with a common monarch and foreign policy.
With the defeat in World War I, the dual monarchy was ended.
Hungary had conflicts with three of its four neighbors, Romania, Yugoslavia and Czechoslovakia,
with aimed to annex its areas with majority of their respective ethnicities.
The 1920 Treaty of Trianon, imposed by the Allied Powers,
made official the loss of over 70% of the Kingdom of Hungary,
of its sea shores and of five of its ten biggest cities.
Three and a half million ethnic Hungarians were separated from their home country.
Hungary joined Germany and the Axis Powers in 1940,
having entered World War II in the following year.
After battles lost to the Soviets,
Hungary started to negotiate a secret peace agreement with the Allied Powers,
which made Germany invade Hungary in 1944.
With the defeat of the Axis Powers, Hungary became a socialist satellite state of the Soviet Union.
Protests on the streets started the 1956 Uprising,
rrepressed by the Soviets.
The end of the socialist regime
happened in 1989 with a peaceful transition from communism
to democracy.
Hungary joined NATO in 1999 and the European Union in 2004.
WHO LIVES THERE?
- Hungary has around 10 million people.
According to the 2011 Census,
the population consists of 86% ethnic Hungarians,
3% Romani people,
2% Germans e 9% other minorities.
Hungarians are relevant minorities in most
neighboring countries, being the biggest
minority in Romania and Slovakia,
and with expressive communities in Serbia and Ukraine.
According to the same census, Hungary has 39% of Catholics.
27% of Hungarians did not want to answer that question.
Although part of the EU,
the Hungarian currency is not the euro, but the Hungarian forint.
These 5500 forint
are enough for a visit to one of the legendary thermal baths in Budapest.
Hungary's economy is highly developed,
with strong industry in the food, pharmaceutical,
automotive, IT, chemical, metallurgical and tourism sectors.
Last year, Hungary hosted around 16 million tourists.
What about UNESCO World Heritage Sites in Hungary?
They are eight, including
the capital Budapest, with the banks of the Danube and the Buda castle,
the Aggtelek cave complex and the Hollókő village.
Besides that, there is plenty to see,
as the thermal springs in Budapest, the 200 caves under the city,
lakes Balaton and Héviz, the cathedral and royal castle of Esztergom
and the Visegrád citadel.
- Shall we talk about culture?
Hungarian music is well known in Europe
because of famous composers like Liszt and Bártok.
Beside these classical artists,
Hungarian folk music is very influential in other
countries in the region like Romania, Slovakia and Poland.
Hungarian cuisine is also extremely influential in Central Europe.
The best known Hungarian dish is goulash (or gulyás)
a meat stew with paprika and other seasonings..
Paprika, by the way, ground red pepper,
is a Hungarian invention and one of the most widely used spices.
Other iconic dishes are lángos, kürtőskalács, the Dobos cake, túros csusza
and the Gundel pancake.
Being Hungary a country with many thermal springs, the spa and bath culture
has always been a feature of Hungarian history.
Hungary is fanatic for sports!
It is the second country with most gold medals per capita in the history of the Olympic Games.
It is very strong in water sports.
It has by far the largest number of gold meals in water polo,
being also the fourth biggest winner in swimming
and the third biggest in kayak and canoeing.
Football is also very popular in Hungary.
One of the most legendary football teams in history, nicknamed the Golden Team,
led by Ferenc Puskas (or Puskás),
was second place in the 1954 World Cup.
We did not forget you and, as usual, we prepared
useful links for those who are interested in going to Hungary.
WHAT IS SPOKEN?
- The Hungarian language is spoken by around 13 million people.
It is spoken in Hungary and in several Central European countries, such as Slovakia, Romania, Serbia,
Croatia and Slovenia. Hungarian is the most widely spoken of the Finno-Ugric languages,
a family that includes Finnish and Estonian.
These languages, however, are very distant from Hungarian, which is closer to others in the group
originating in Siberia and Central Asia
such as Mansi and Khanty.
Among the words that come from Hungarian, we have coach, synonymous with carriage,
saber, a curved sword from Central Europe,
and paprika, the famous pepper spice.
Hungarian literature has gained popularity in Europe and the world,
especially by means of contemporary names like Sándor Márai,
Péter Esterházy, Péter Nádas and Imre Kertész,
Nobel Prize winner in Literature in 2002.
Examples of classical Hungarian literature are János Arany and Sándor Petőfi.
Do you know these letters?
They are the Old Hungarian Script, also known as Hungarian Runes,
written from the right to the left side.
It is a millennium-old alphabet, with 42 letters, especially designed for Hungarian,
originated before the migration of Magyar peoples to Europe.
- Well, this is the modern Hungarian alphabet, a variation of the Latin script,
written from left to right.
It has 44 letters, with some interesting characteristics.
Vowels can be classified as short or long,
and therefore there are 14 vowels.
Among consonants, there are several curiosities. The "s" alone is spoken as "sh".
Our "s" in Hungarian is "sz".
The "cs" is spoken as "ch" and the "zs", as "zh".
There is also the sound represented by "gy", which, although written with a "g", is closer to "dy",
as shown by the expression "hogy vagy".
Hungarian has some traits similar to the language in our last episode, Turkish.
Do you remember vowel harmony and agglutination?
Well, with Hungarian they are back!
As an agglutinative language, Hungarian uses a lot of suffixes
to change the meaning of a word and its grammatical function.
With vowel harmony, most suffixes can have two or three
different forms, and the choice among them will depend on the vowels in the main word.
Let's go then to Budapest and learn a little more of Hungarian?
WHO TEACHES IT?
- Hello everyone,
they are Fruzsi, Zsani and I am Kartal.
Now we will speak...
- Hungarian.
- I think, for a Hungarian, it's not so complicated,
because we learn the basics in primary school,
but, for a foreigner, it's very hard,
they compare it to the most difficult languages in the world.
- Yes.
MAGIC WORDS
- "Hello", "szia".
- Like the singer.
- "What is your name?", "hogy hívnak?" or "mi a neved?".
- "My name is...", "én vagyok...", "a nevem..." or "engem hívnak...".
- "Pleased to meet you", "örülök, hogy megismertelek".
- "How are you?", "hogy vagy?", "mi újság?", "mizu?".
- It is rather slang.
- When you say, "I'm good", você diz, oh, ok, "jól vagyok, köszi".
- Or, "I'm feeling ok", "jól érzem magam",
"I don't feel well", "nem vagyok jól".
"I am from Brazil", "Brazíliából származom", or "Brazil vagyok", "I'm Brazilian".
- "My friend", "barátom".
- "My female friend", "barátnőm".
- "Thank you", "köszönöm".
- "You're welcome", "szívesen".
- "Please", "kérlek" or "kérem".
- If I ask you to do this and that, "kerlek",
but if I say that "please be quiet", "kérem".
"Excuse me", "elnézést".
- "I'm sorry", "sajnálom".
- Or "bocsánat".
- "I don't understand", "nem értem".
-"I don't speak Hungarian", "nem beszélek magyarul".
- "Yes", "igen".
- "No", "nem"'.
"Big", "nagy", "small", "kicsi".
"Beautiful", "gyönyörű"/"szép".
- Beautiful is "gyönyörű".
- More like "wonderful".
- "Beautiful" is "gyönyörű".
- There are two possibilities.
- More complicated, "gyönyörű".
- "Szép" is easier.
- "Everything", "minden".
- "Nothing", "semmi".
- "This", "ez".
- "That", "az".
- "A little", "kicsi".
- "A lot", "sok".
- "Left", "bal".
- "Right", "jobb".
"I", "én".
"You", "te".
"He", "ő".
"She", "ő".
"We", "mi".
"You", "ti".
"They", "ők".
- "I would like to eat", "szeretnék enni".
"Enjoy your meal", "jó étvágyat".
"It's tasty", "finom".
"Check, please", "szeretném a számlát".
"How much is it?", "mennyibe kerül?".
"Zero, one, two, thee, four",
"five, six, seven, eight, nine, ten".
"It's very expensive", "túl drága".
"Give me a discount, "adj kedvezményt".
- Would you say this?
- No!
Never!
"Last price", "alkudni".
"Goodbye", "viszlát",
"viszontlátásra".
WHO GETS ALONG?
- Hi, everyone!
I will show to the Hungarian world my beautiful voice!
- Your artistic talents!
- My artistic talents!
- You will sing in Hungarian, is that true?
- Yes!
- Hello!
- Good afternoon!
- My name is Valentina.
- And my name is Zsolt.
- I'm Valentina.
- I'm Csilla.
- My name is Robin.
- And my name is Kriszti.
- Pleased to meet you.
- Pleased to meet you.
- Hello.
- How are you?
- I am good, thanks. How about you?
- I'm great.
- How are you?
- Well, thanks. How about you?
- I'm great.
Beautiful weather.
"Idő" is the day?
- "Idő" is the weather.
- Ah, the weather. "Idő".
"Idő" is the weather.
Now I will sing this very popular song in
Hungarian folklore, "Az a szép".
- I'm singing to you "Az a szép", is it a famous song?
- Yes.
- I am sorry, guys, I not singing very well, but...
3, 2, 1...
"That is the pretty one/ the one with blue eyes
The one with the blue eyes
That is the pretty one/ the one with blue eyes
The one with the blue eyes
Well, my eyes are dark blue
But I am not beautiful enough for my dear
That is the pretty one/ the one with blue eyes
the one with blue eyes
That is the pretty one/ the one with blue eyes
the one with blue eyes
That is the pretty one/ the one with blue eyes
the one with blue eyes".
- Did you understand?
- Yes.
- How do you say it?
- I understood you.
- Ok, that's good.
- What do you think about it?
How was...
- Not bad. It was good.
-... pronunciation?
- Ok. Good.
- Beautiful.
- Beautiful?
- Beautiful.
- But...
- Not "akinem", "akinek".
- "Akinek", ok!
Thank you!
- You're welcome!
- What did you think?
- Nine... nine.
- Nine?
- Nine!
- Thank you very much!
- You're welcome!
- Nine?
- Nine!
- Nine or... ten.
- Thank you!
- Thank you!
- How do you say "goodbye"?
- Goodbye!
- Hello!
My name is Marcus.
What is your name?
- Zoltán. Zóli.
- How are you?
- Well, thanks. Perfect.
- How do we do it?
- The most important thing,
what is in the first place and matters the most
is safety.
Safety first.
It is not allowed to drink
during axe-throwing.
The rest is only skills.
It is possible to learn it well, you need to train it.
- How do you throw axes?
- That is how we do it:
the elbow goes a little higher...
for example.
If I hit here,
I get 5 points,
four, three, two,
one and so goes on.
I will be a lot of fun,
we will try now
to play a little wit that.
- Yeah... you got it.
- There you go!!!
- We will start here a competition of
axe throwing!
Let me introduce Hugo.
- Three.
- I'm back!
- Five!
- Eight to five.
- Three.
- Eleven?
- Was it a five?
- Five.
We have here another "öt", so...
it is "tizenegy-tíz". Eleven to ten.
Last throw...
a lot of emotion!
He missed! Which means that I can tie
or even win this game, we'll see.
Or lose.
I shouldn't have said it, I brought bad luck!
- Oh... now he's on fire.
Is that a two?
- Yes, it was right in the limit here again.
So let's count three. "Három".
Let's go, Marcão! Let's go, Marcão!
- Five?
- Hit it?
Four!
- "Négy". Four.
Four to three.
- What is that, Marcão?
- Three.
- It's easy!
This last one, I think... it took a piece from the ground.
The last one!
- Three.
- That way you don't do it!
1 to 1 then, ha!
- How much was it?
- Seven hundred.
- My name is Marcus.
Unfortunately I don't understand Hungarian.
I understand a little Hungarian.
- And I understand a little English.
Just a little.
- Goodbye.
- Everything nice, a lot of fun. But it wasn't easy-peasy...
- Ör... ör...
- Oh, my God!
Pleased to meet you.
But I'm not... for my dear...
beautiful enough...
- Ogu... ögu... öru...
- Oru... öru... ögrulok...
- Ögürok?
- Pleased to meet you!
- Better not!
- We hope you enjoyed our video.
Hungarian is considered one of the most difficult languages in the world,
but, with just a little bit of it, we could make a lot of friends around there!
- After all, as said Charlemagne, the legendary king of the Franks,
"to have another language is to possess a second soul".
- A hug from Budapest to the friends in Brazil.
- Hugs from Budapest to Brazil.
- Hugs from Budapest to Brazil.
- Hugs from Hungary to Brazil.
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