Hello. Welcome to CriaArte. Today we have update. We are going to talk about
the analysis of the work from Jan Van Eyck and Hubert Van Eyck
The Ghent Altar-Piece. Welcome
Hello. Wellcome to CriaArte. I'm Sara. Today is Monday,
day for our weekly update
Today we start several weeks dedicated to
the analyses of the art work of Jan Van Eyck
The first work we are going to analyse is
the most famous one
is a work he made with is brother Hubert Van Eyck
so it's not a solo work, is a work divided by two authors
and is also one of the most mysterious. Why?
For two very important and interesting reasons: First
This was the most robed work of art in history
We are not going to talk about this robbery here, we are just going to analyse the work
in is most
visual perspective, so he are going to have latter some
videos especially about
the mysteries and the roberys of art works.
But that is latter, so stay tuned to our channel.
Don't to forget to subscribe CriaArte to get
information of our updates. But today
we are just analyse this work. The second reason
why is so important is because its mysterious.
Because we don't know exactly
who painted what! Well, we know this work was painted obviously
by Van Eyck brothers, but
Witch one of them was the most important painter? Witch one was the painter who
created the guide lines for the work and guided the other?
Was it Jan Van Eyck, the great master of the Gothic period?
Or was is brother Hubert Van Eyck?
Wend we talk about Jan Van Eyck life
Im going to leave here the link to that video
We understood, that Jan Van Eyck was traveling around Europe
We had another mission and he was called
by his master to work
He was also in Portugal trying to convinced the Princess Isabel to marriage to his master
So in reality it was Hubert Van Eyck that spend all his time working in the Altar-Piece
But the famous one is Jan Van Eyck.
So this is all a great mystery. So lets look at the art work
And we are going to analyse it in two different parts
First: this is an Altar-Piece
an altar-Piece that we can open and close.
And we can see it closed
So closed we see an art work, and wen open we can see
another work. so now we will analyse the Altar-Piece
of Ghent wend is close!
Let's see the Art work and analise it. We don't now exactly
the precise date wend it was started
But it was finished in 1432
by the brothers Jan and Hubert Van Eyck, and
we can see it today in the San Bavo Cathedral in Ghent
Belgium. And that was the place were it was
designed for. And it's still there... after many
adventures and many thefts... and it's not complete.
There is a part of the work that is still missing and left to be recover
we hope... who knows?
But the Altar Piece is still there. Open
or closed
This Altar Piece is the greatest piece of the Flemish Gothic aesthetic
And is a composition of several individual panels
To this we call "Polytypical"
The panel are connected by hinges, this way it can be opened
and closed. This give us the opportunity to appreciate it
in two different levels: open and closed. This is a very important feature
because most of the year the Piece was for the most part of
the year closed. It was open only on especial
religious holidays.
Just like a big revealing .
It was normal that the frame was very detailed and elaborated
But in this case, the frame was never recovered
The Altar Piece was recovered, several times, but the frame is lost
This work also spent a lot of time during the Nazi period
Because it was stolen by the Nazi army in a
salt mine. When it was finally recovered the work was
in a bad shape, it was deteriorated
But it was recovered, and today we can see all the magnificence
There is a lot of controversy about the authorship of the paintings
During the most part of the art history
the most of the work was attributed to Jan Van Eyck, but later
an inscription discovered much later suggested
that his brother Hubert was the main artist in this works
Now let's think about it... this art work was missing here, missing there
wend it was finally recovered
after the invasion on the Nazis, the work was in bad shape
so it was made a work of restoration. During this restoration what was discovered???
It was discovered an inscription on the back by the who?
But none other then Hubert Van Eyck! And what
was in the inscription? Let's see : "The painter Hubert,
One of the greatest man ever to live, started this work.
Jan his brother, second in his art,
fulfilled the heavy task at the request
of Joos Vijd
He invites you with this statement, in the 6 of May
of 1432. Invites you with this statement
to appreciate what was done"
So this is the invitation to the grand opening of the Altar Piece.
the work was blessed in this day and this
is the invitation of the patron
to all the population to come, and we have the feeling that Hubert
was the master painter. In the Art History world this is a big Scandal!
Its something like if we discover today that the sistine Chapel wasn't painted
by Miguelangelo, but by his brother... can you imagine?
We always associate Jan Van Eyck as
the major name of the brothers in painting
In reality we are not sure of anything. Lets continue with the work analises
of the work of Jan Van Eyck and Hubert Van Eyck
The Altar Piece of Ghent - Closed
Lets analysed the work. With the altar piece closed
On the top we have figures with books and scrolls
This are prophets and
sibyls, prophesying the coming of Christ
The coming of the Messias. The prophecy moment
is on the down panel with the Annunciation.
The Angel Gabriel annunciates to Maria that She is to conceive
Christ. Gabriel is in the left panel, and Maria
is 3 panels to His right.
The wonderful empty space between them shows
a beautiful cityscape
and a Still Life in the right central panel.
The empty space between the Angel and Maria suggest the opportunity
to the coming of Christ. Everything in this work is
symbolic. We know that there is a great
Iconography in the Medieval Art Work
this Work of Art is Gothic, from a period that Art serves the purpose
of praising Christ, of praising God
so everything here is symbolic and Iconographic
You are going to see during this Art analises
several details that are symbols of
christianity. Here the painters portrait
the Annunciation in a very tradicional way
We have the Angel Gabriel holding the Lilies
Lilies are the symbol of Maria's purity, of Her virginity
We can see words coming out of the angel mouth
This words are written in Latin in Gothic letters
the words mean: "Ave Maria, full of grace
you are blessed among women". Maria
has a white Dove above Her head.
this is a representation of the Holy Spirit
And words are going out of Her mouth in response to Angel Gabriel
the words are written backwards
And they are not also from left to right but also
upside down. And what is the reason?
Is very interesting. They are backwards because She is responding to
the Angel Gabriel
And they are upside down because she is also talking to God
she is looking up, to God
"Behold the handmaid of the Lord". The panels are
painted
in a realistic and way that is a contrast with the
golden words that are of enormous lightness
the words are not connected to anything physical, they are ethereal
there is a contrast between the writing, that is
connected to the Monastic Art. Im going to leave here the
Link to that video
We have here in CriaArte 3 videos about Monastic Art
We have to remember that the Christian Art
and also the Christianity is the religion of books
The Word has a lot of meaning in this religion
And in this work the Word has a great significance
The Christianity is the religion of the book
the word is important and is here in an ethereal way
almost like if the Words are also divine, in contrast
with the reality of the figures
realistic in the light of Van Eyck painting style
that was not Realistic, it was Gothic. The Van Eyck brothers
were perfectionists, and is impressive the attention
to detail, even on the
grand scale of this work. This is also
a characteristic of the Flemish painting style
The Flemish painting style is also know as the Northern Renascence
that is completely different from the Italian Renascence
and that we can see here. We see the elongated figures
We don't see the mathematical work of perspective, we don't see
the idea of the perfect body.
Because there is no influence from the Classic Period.
There's no influence from the Greek Sculpture, or from the Romans
So they work the Art of the detail in the paintings
So its a different style of painting, but also
a very interesting and beautiful style of Art
The Altar Piece has huge dimensions:
3,5 meters high and 4,60 meters wide
And was projected to the Chapel of the
San Bavo Cathedral. The patrons are represented in the down panels
We have 4 figures in the down panels, 2 figures
and 2 sculptures. In reality this contrast
originates an intersting illusion
We read the red figures just like real humans
and the central figures like sculptures of stone
but in reality all this is painting. There is no sculptures here.
The figures represented like sculptures are
both Saint John. Saint John was important to the faith
of the family. The patrons are represented
in tradition with the Flemish aesthetics, with
different textures, and that is
a advantage of the oil technique, the Flemish technique was based
on oil painting, Jan Van Eyck was a great oil painter
And here we see the richness
of the textures. All the texture here
is very detailed. This is another characteristic
of the Flemish art. So this is the
analyses of the closed Altar-piece. In holidays
It was always closed, but in Christian holidays
The Altar-Piece was open. So lets see the piece open.
And lets analise it open. And it's wonderful
The first impression is the explosion of color
in contrast with the piece closed
All this color and luminosity is only possible due to
oil technique. And due to the Flemish technique
The first panels to capture our eyes are the ones in the top center.
In particular the one in the center
This one is so beautiful, is in the center,
Is the one that our eye converge to, and
is the representation of... God! So God is dressed
like a king, with a Papal Crown in His head.
With a crown at His feet, this is a symbol that
means the He is the King of Kings.
He is holding a royal sceptre , that is a symbols the power on earth
The sceptre is very reach
It's also translucent, if you look close you can see through it
you can see the skin in the hand through it
this is a great level of detail. Is all made of crystal.
The crown at God's feet is also very rich, and is an example of
the detail in the jewellery work. The perspective used
allow us to see the inside of this crown. It's incredible
There is a theme in all this work: the grace of God,
the power of God and God's forgiveness.
the representation of God in this art work is one of the first examples of
the representation of God in the Renaissance style. This in
opposition of the Medieval style of a scary God.
Furious and punishing God.
this is the introduction of the forgiving God. Its the introduction to the humanist movement.
Van Eyck was a traveled Man
And the Humanistic movement was a
philosophical flow that was spreading
over Europe.And is normal that He captured
and translated in His work
this more Humanistic God. But it still is an
solemn and luxurious image
that bring us back to the Medieval Art.
So... here we have the introduction to the forgiving God.
At the left side of God we have the panel that portraits
Maria. Maria also uses a crown
Maria is portrait as a Queen, and the Crown
is adorned with lilies and roses.
At the right side of God we have Saint John The Baptist
In this three central figures: Maria, God and SaintJohn The Baptist
we have a tapestry with images of an pelican
In Medieval times the pelican was the symbol of sacrifice.
It was believed, that lacking food, the pelican extract
his own flesh to feed his
offspring. So it symbolises the divine sacrifice
the sacrifice of God. On the left side and
on the right side from the center we have the angels
They are singing in paradise, and playing instruments
here we can see the representation of the riches of heaven
in the angels jewels, and also in the sounds of heaven.
In the panel that represents the angels' choir we have
a different crown to every single angel
they all have different facial expressions in acorn to the different musical notes
the faces of the angels represents the ideal beauty of the medieval times
In the last panels of the top we have
the panels of Adam and Eve. This are works of
art that represent very realistic
and very human body's. They are not ideals of beauty
Along the panels we have images of splendour
of richness, jewels and of ideal beauty
And then we have this two naked figures
that look so human and so vulnerable
there is here a very clear message: the kindness
of God that saves all the imperfections
of mankind.
Let's analyse now the lower panels.In the center we have
we have a beautiful image with four different groups
all around the center. In the center we have
an altar with a Lamb. The Lamb has a wound and
is bleeding to a chalice.This Lamb is the symbol of Christ
this is the symbol of the Christ sacrifice
The Lamb is represented triumphant in face of pain
and in face of the human suffering. Once again we have here
a Christian symbology. Around the Lamb we have angels
they cary the instruments of the torture of Christ.
they cary the Cross, the Crown with thorns,
And the column where Christ was tortured
Then we have four groups of man that come to pay tribute
We have the Prophets, the Saints, the Popes
and figures of the old testament, all paying tribute
to Christ
finally at the bottom we have the fountain of youth
that flows in direction to the Altar, flows in our direction
It's like our faith is the fountain of our lives
All this is happening in one incredible beautiful
spring landscape, with a great number of detail
this is almost a cinematographic panel
soo rich and soo detailed
that we have to analysed by parts. This is very important
Van Eyck had at the same time an microscopic eye
and a telescopic eye. What does that meant?
That means that He makes so many details in the most tiny things
but at the same time He paints things
that make sense as a global view
And what does that mean? It means that
its necessary a divine look to
grasp the whole. For us to analyse this work
we have to study part by part
all the details, all that is happening
but the reading of the art work is made in the whole painting
And all this is a symbology to the power of God
And the vision of God. Because God can see all
He has a divine view to absorb all
in once.
And this was the analyses of the Ghent Altar-Piece
and I still ask your attention to
subscribe the channel. We are going to have
new videos about the curiosities
of deferent art works. And we are going to
talk about the robberies
and all the stories about
The Ghent Altar-Piece
But today we analysed this work, and I hope you like it
In the next week we will be back with another
analises of the work of Jan Van Eyck
so don't forget to make a Like, to Subscribe
Above all to Subscribe, because we work in exchange of Subscribers
in CriaArte. Stay well. Im Sara. Tchaaauuuu
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