Sclerotinia was quite severe last year, basically due to prolonged wet and humid conditions
that made the disease really aggressive last year.
If the disease is left uncontrolled, it can cause from 20% up to 50% yield loss.
Currently growers manage this disease using a range of practices, such as they avoid sowing
close to last year's paddocks which were effected by sclerotinia and more important
than that they avoid sowing into paddocks that have a history of sclerotinia and they
can also use fungicide spray applications if the risk of disease is moderate to high.
There are several products with different actives registered at the moment for sclerotinia
control in WA.
These products which contain iprodione, prothioconazole and tebuconazole-procymidone.
The first line of defence against sclerotinia for growers can use are to avoid sowing into
paddocks which have a history of sclerotinia.
They should also avoid sowing close to the paddocks that have a history of sclerotinia
in the previous two years and also they need to use fungicide application if the risk of
disease is moderate to high.
We have been working on a GRDC funded national project to manage sclerotinia in Western Australia.
Over the last few years we have been actually looking at timings of fungicide application
and also one spray versus two spray program.
So our data for the last two years suggests that in a normal season when you have normal
rainfall events, under those circumstances one well-timed spray application is all you
need to control sclerotinia.
But if the system is extended as we experienced last year with continuous wet conditions during
flowering, under those circumstances two spray applications are really economical and ensure
better disease control as well.
The ideal timing in that circumstance is to spray your crop between 30% and 50% bloom.
So if the disease does happen late in the season, for example if the spore release is
delayed due to lack of rain during early flowering period, then under those circumstances you
can still spray your crop at 50% and beyond that, up to three weeks after 50% that can
also give you an economic response to control this disease.
If you have conducive conditions before and after the imitation of flowering surely our
trial data suggests that you will definitely get an economic response from a well-timed
single application if the conditions and rainfall events are normal.
But in the case of extended rainfall conditions, surely you need to have two split applications
to get best economic response of fungicide applications.
We are looking at some other alternatives means of controlling this disease, mainly
because we want to reduce our reliance on fungicide usage.
So to investigate that we've been looking at widening or expressing in combination with
lower plant densities but unfortunately what we have found is that none of these practices
are really effective in reducing the disease levels, so basically the fungicide application
is still required in order to eliminate losses from sclerotinia.
In 2017 we will be mainly focusing on investigating time of sowing and fungicide interactions
in different environments of Western Australia.
We will also continue to fine-tune the timing of fungicide application especially in the
southern region as we don't have much data from growers in that region and also my major
emphasis will be to validate the environmental factors that we identified in our previous
research if they are accurate and they are applicable in a range of environmental condition
in Western Australia.
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